Freedom and Rationality as an Instrument of Social Transformation in Won Buddhism

Won Buddhism is often regarded as a rational and socially engaged religion, emphasizing both personal transformation and collective well-being. Through comparative discourse analysis of media and interviews with 25 followers in South Korea and New Zealand, this research explores how followers perceive Won Buddhism as a force for social change and interfaith dialogue. Many interviewees especially highlighted freedom and social usefulness as core aspects of its rationality. Korean members, particularly those with prior Christian church experience, emphasized freedom from rigid collective structures, while non-Korean participants found a sense of community in Won Buddhism, often viewing it as an insurance against neoliberal uncertainties. Additionally, its Kaebyŏk concept was often interpreted as a social transformation rooted in ethical engagement and interpersonal relationships. This presentation examines how Won Buddhism's complex discourse of adaptability, evolution and freedom contribute to its perception as a modern, socially conscious religion.