An Affective Ritual? Reimagining Chigo Kanjō in Kon Tōkō’s Chigo (1936)

This paper examines the intersection of medieval ritualism and modern literary expression in Kon Tōkō’s novella Chigo (1936). A prominent figure in early 20th-century Japanese literature and a Tendai priest, Kon reimagines medieval ritual practices, particularly the controversial Chigo Kanjō (Consecration of Acolytes) through a modern lens. The novella explores power dynamics and desire within monastic communities by focusing on the tragic relationship between Renshū, a high priest, and Hanawaka-maru, a young acolyte. Drawing on elements from setsuwa (didactic tales), classical novels, and ritual manuals, Kon critiques institutional authority and highlights the affective and erotic dimensions of religious practices. His portrayal challenges traditional interpretations of monastic sexuality and presents it as a complex interplay of devotion and worldly desire. This paper argues that Chigo bridges medieval and modern perspectives, offering a more nuanced understanding of premodern religious practices reimagined by a writer whose sensibilities were ahead of his time.