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Online Program Book

PLEASE NOTE: We are working on making updates and edits to finalize the program. If you are searching for something and cannot find it, please reach out to annualmeeting@aarweb.org.

The AAR's inaugural Online June Sessions of the Annual Meetings were held on June 25, 26, and 27, 2024. For program questions, please reach out to annualmeeting@aarweb.org.

This is the preliminary program for the 2024 in-person Annual Meeting, hosted with the Society for Biblical Literature in San Diego, CA - November 23-26. Pre-conference workshops and many committee meetings will be held November 22. If you have questions about the program, contact annualmeeting@aarweb.org. All times are listed in local/Pacific Time.

A23-141

Saturday, 9:00 AM - 11:00 AM

Hilton Bayfront-Sapphire 400B (Fourth Level)

This interactive session will feature short presentations of specific "tactics" -- a single activity, lesson, or other piece -- for teaching religion. Each presenter will demonstrate their tactic, and then the audience will have time to discuss questions and possible applications in different types of classrooms/settings.

  • Teaching Tactic/Gift Exchange: Dialogic Moment

    Abstract

    Teaching and Learning literature often underscores the value of inviting students to connect what they know to previous experiences as well as sociality and what Eyler (2018) calls "beautiful questions"  as beneficial for learning (Rovai 2022, Cozolino 2013, Bandura 1977, Vygotsky 1980).  This quick demonstration will introduce "dialogic moments" as a way of connecting students to course content and each other at the beginning of a class. 

    After opening the session with a dialogic question meant to demonstrate the approach, participants will be invited to think of one question appropriate for their context and field test it in small groups in the room.

  • Reading Old Mail: Interpreting Paul's Letters

    Abstract

    As an introduction to the challenges of interpreting ancient primary texts, and especially letters, students are invited to analyze an image of a short personal letter between sisters written just over a decade ago. Students are not given any context for the letter, however, and are led through a process of identifying cultural information and analyzing the author’s apparent intentions in order to maximize understanding of the letter. The conversation posits explanations—with varying degrees of confidence—for some of the letter’s contents while leaving other references unexplained. This activity is designed as a segue into study of the Pauline letters, but it can be applied to other letters or primary sources.

  • In the Jurist’s Seat: Teaching Analogical Reasoning by Debating Intoxicants in Islamic Jurisprudence

    Abstract

    In an recent contribution to Islamic studies pedagogy, Shahzad Bashir noted that “theological, nativist, and orientalist” modalities of teaching frequently persist, even in well-intentioned courses on Islam (A New Vision).  Carl Ernst likewise articulates the need to destabilize stereotypes of Muslims as automatons, rotely applying scriptural texts (Not Just Academic!).  In a recent course on “Islamic Law, Ethics, and Practice” these pedagogical interventions were pursued when students chose the roles of legal theorists (faqihs), oral advocates (wakils), and judges (qadis) and deployed the rational toolkit of Muslim legal thinkers.  In the august setting of law school courtroom, student-jurists debated whether, based on analogical reasoning (qiyas) a Qur’anic injunction against wine rationally entailed a prohibition of kombucha, cigarettes, psilocybin, or caffeine.  In reaching the divergent conclusions with the same sources and methods, students experienced firsthand the domain of Islamic law as an arena of spirited debate, rational disagreement, and nuanced analysis.

  • Teaching Tactic: Role Playing Religious Voices at a Judy Chicago-Inspired Dinner Party

    Abstract

    Using food, art, and role playing, students and professors throw a dinner party, inspired by Judy Chicago's installation art project "The Dinner Party." 

  • Immersive Religion: Harnessing Extended Reality in Teaching about Religious Practices

    Abstract

    Immersive Religion is a web-based, extended reality resource for teaching about religious practices. Joining 360-degree footage of diverse religious practices with translations, video interviews with scholars and religious professionals, interactive 3d objects, virtual tours of sacred spaces, and other explanatory elements, Immersive Religion offers an engaging and interactive resource for integration into a host of religious studies classes. This "Teaching Tactics" demonstration will introduce the resource and provide attendees with a sample lesson plan that models active, experiential classroom learning using Immersive Religion, adaptable to participants’ own courses.

Theme: Exhibit Hall

Saturday-Tuesday, 9am-5pm

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A23-234

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Sapphire AEI (Fourth Level)

2024 marks important anniversaries in Afro-American religious history, including Jessie Jackson’s historic first presidential campaign (40th, 1984), Freedom Summer and the passage of the Civil Rights Act, and Malcolm X’s establishment of the Muslim Mosque, Inc. (60th, 1964). These moments reflect important examples of the varied expressions and interactions between Black religions and the political sphere through electioneering, organizing, and critique. The Afro-American Religious History Unit will host a special session that reflects on these various iterations at the institutional, individual, social, and communal levels. Of special concern will be both the expansive and limiting ways that intersections of Black religions and politics have been considered as opening spheres of influence, as generating political critique, and as sites of gendered power and struggle. Featuring an interdisciplinary set of leading, public-facing scholars, this roundtable will engage the historical and contemporary significances of the intersections of religion and politics for African Americans.

A23-342

Saturday, 3:00 PM - 4:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Cobalt 520 (Fifth Level)

Using a Black and Asian women peer learning experience as a narrative frame, this creative presentation explores the possibilities and challenges of women of color making a pedagogical home in the margin(s). Through vignette-based reflections, this presentation celebrates and critiques various embodied and margin-formed practices that carry gifts of knowledge and wisdom that are often unacknowledged in the formal academic context but that shape and form who we are, how we know, and what we are becoming. These practices bear witness to the legacies of our forebearers and point us toward pedagogies of care and solidarity for women of color. Inspired by bell hooks' notion of the margin as a site of resistance, creativity, power, and inclusion, we aim to inspire participants to re-member, embody, and reflect on their pedagogical formation and how teaching from, in, and for the margins might (re)energize their practice of theological education.

  • "Let Us Meet There": Black and Asian Women Making a Pedagogical Home in the Margin(s)

    Abstract

    Using a Black and Asian women peer learning experience as a narrative frame, this creative presentation explores the possibilities and challenges of women of color making a pedagogical home in the margin(s). Through vignette-based reflections, this presentation celebrates and critiques various embodied and margin-formed practices that carry gifts of knowledge and wisdom that are often unacknowledged in the formal academic context but that shape and form who we are, how we know, and what we are becoming. These practices bear witness to the legacies of our forebearers and point us toward pedagogies of care and solidarity for women of color. Inspired by bell hooks' notion of the margin as a site of resistance, creativity, power, and inclusion, we aim to inspire participants to re-member, embody, and reflect on their pedagogical formation and how teaching from, in, and for the margins might (re)energize their practice of theological education.

A23-435

Saturday, 5:00 PM - 6:30 PM

Convention Center-6F (Upper Level West)

This Author-Meets-Critics session is a roundtable on Carlos Ulises Decena's Circuits of the Sacred: A Black Latinx Faggotology (Duke, 2023).

A23-437

Saturday, 5:00 PM - 6:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Sapphire 402 (Fourth Level)

How do scholars teach the religious traditions of the late antique "east," broadly conceived, in undergraduate classrooms? Roundtable discussion features five scholars of diverse research areas who will share different teaching strategies that they find effective in helping undergraduate students envision the complexity of religion in late antiquity and the medieval world.

M23-504

Saturday, 7:00 PM - 9:00 PM

Grand Hyatt-Hillcrest AB (Third Level - Seaport Tower)

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A24-120

Sunday, 9:00 AM - 11:00 AM

Convention Center-1B (Upper Level West)

Our popular Interactive Workshop returns! We offer pairs of brief presentations (10 minutes) designed to stimulate substantive conversation on critical issues in Interreligious and Interfaith Studies and engagement. Our topics this year address: New Directions in the Field, Engaging the Senses, Pedagogies, Applied Contexts, and Interspirtuality.

Presentations unfold simultaneously at separate tables (and repeat), with attendees selecting the conversations in which they would like to participate. Our business meeting immediately follows the workshop.

  • Emerging Scholars in an Emerging Field of Interreligious and Interfaith Studies

    Abstract

    What marks the edges of the field of interreligious and interfaith studies in our current moment? Representatives from the Emerging Scholars initiative of the Association of Interreligious/Interfaith Studies (aiistudies.org) will lead a discussion on current trends in critical theory and interdisciplinary research for this interactive workshop. Brief examples of graduate-level research that will be presented includes affect theory and Christian supremacy in religiously plural contexts; the liberal politics that characterize many common practices developed by interfaith organizations in North America; and the opportunities and challenges of interreligious approaches to environmental projects. The aim of our discussion is to invite other graduate students, junior scholars, and senior scholars into the conversation, working from the idea that the scholarship emerging from different disciplines could help us understand and identify what is on the cutting edge of critical scholarship in the (still) new field of interreligious and interfaith studies. 

  • Interreligious Studies within the Taxonomy of the Study of Religion

    Abstract

    This presentation opens a conversation about the evolving landscape of Interreligious Studies (IRS) within the broader taxonomy of the study of religion by asking about its inter- and multidisciplinary nature. How is IRS related to Religious Studies (RS), theological studies, Jewish studies, Islamic studies, and other fields beyond those represented in the AAR? This paper initiates a critical discussion on the academic classification or home of IRS and its relationship to other fields. By likening IRS to RS as ecology to biology, a thought experiment is opened – one that welcomes rigorous critical feedback – to examine IRS's roles, methods, pitfalls, and interdisciplinary potential. The session invites diverse scholarly insights to workshop IRS's academic positioning and identify gaps in scholarship to further enhance the field's future.

  • Engagement with the Arts as Interreligious/Interfaith Studies Interdisciplinarity: A Close Look

    Abstract

    Interreligious/Interfaith Studies is an academic field that is inherently interdisciplinary. Engagement with the arts is a multifaceted aspect of this interdisciplinarity. This interactive workshop, facilitated by an interreligious-studies scholar/arts-professional, will enable a robust conversation about the interface between Interreligious/Interfaith Studies and academic study of (or engagement with) the arts. It will feature a brief assessment of the state of the engagement, as discernable in recently released arts-themed Interreligious/Interfaith Studies publications. During the ensuing discussion, attendees will consider questions such as the criteria by which particular engagements between religion(s) and art(s) _qualify_ as examples of Interreligious/Interfaith Studies per se; effective methods of critical inquiry into the arts as an Interreligious/Interfaith Studies theme; personal experiences of the interdisciplinarity of religion and the arts; or projects and publications that will further the practice and assessment of engagement of Interreligious/Interfaith Studies with the arts.

  • The Role of Physical Space in Interreligious Dialogue Discourses

    Abstract

    This paper explores the impact of physical spaces on interreligious dialogue by analyzing key works in interreligious studies from the last five years. While cognitive concepts like 'third spaces' and 'sacred space' have garnered significant attention, the actual physical venues of interreligious meetings has received less attention. The paper will investigate how issues of neutrality, inclusivity, and exclusivity manifest in recent literature on meeting spaces. This entails examining each work from an array of perspectives on the topic, including religious perspectives on spaces of other faiths and secular venues, as well as considering intersecting factors such as gender, class, race, and sexuality. Additionally, it explores emerging thoughts on the nature of supposedly neutral spaces. The paper aims to uncover emerging trends and theoretical frameworks while identifying unresolved issues. A brief comparison between theoretical discourse and practical examples will be included to assess the alignment between academic literature and current practices.

  • You Are Here: Practicing a Hermeneutic Process in Interfaith Learning

    Abstract

    Teaching students a hermeneutic process can help them connect what they learn in interreligious and interfaith studies to their lives outside the classroom. The process begins by acknowledging each student’s unique starting point, and then moves through five further steps: first responses to what I’m encountering, self-reflection on those responses, understanding (including listening with empathy and asking with curiosity), reflection on what I’ve learned, and deciding what’s next. Students engage case studies by writing about their first responses and self-reflections on those responses; then, after applying an analytical template and practicing media-literacy skills to research the issues involved, students articulate how and why their minds have changed and how they’d approach a similar case if they encountered it in daily life. The process aims to foster an inclusive environment and help students practice intellectual virtues and metacognition, and students often report using it beyond the course.

  • If interspirituality and multiple religious belonging were centered in Interreligious Studies, what might be different about the field?

    Abstract

    In the Western world, we are witnessing the emergence of hybrid forms of religiosity; individuals who do not identify or belong to one religious tradition but identify with or combine elements from multiple religious traditions. Research has shown that people with a multiple religious belonging comprise as much as 24% of the population in the Netherlands, making it one of the largest religious minorities in the country. The word “belonging” has strong emotional connotations. The occurrence of people with a multiple religious belonging, a hybrid religious practice or a multi-religious identity invites us, scholars of religion, to reimagine religious belonging beyond a common understanding of “belonging to a religion”. The multiplicity of religious beliefs and practices to which individuals connect creates a new framework in which individuals experience a sense of rhizomatic belonging, which is both beyond religious traditions.

  • Centering Our Complex Human Stories: “Way of Life” Studies Liberated from Religious Labeling

    Abstract

    I propose a new framework that might be called “Way of Life Studies” that invites every person to bring their full self and their whole story to the encounter. This approach begins with the recognition that we are all individuals in context. Our understanding of and ways of approaching our lives is indistinguishable from our experiences alone and in communities with others and with the world. We look to the example of queer studies to help us. Religious identities, like gender and sexual identities are social constructs. If we use labels prescriptively to define people into different categories, we inevitably “straighten” them to fit our boxes and limit their flourishing. In contrast, we can invite each of us to describe ourselves, finding language to tell our stories and illuminate our connections with others

    This approach would focus our attention on stories rather than identities, highlighting our experiences as our teachers. We would resist the normative influences of patriarchy and institutional authority and we would also free ourselves to bring our whole selves and hold space for expressing and experiencing transformations in all kinds of interactions. 

     

  • We have an infinite amount of strength to walk: interreligious practice during the 504 Occupation

    Abstract

    This paper will explore the non-violent, interreligious nature of the resistance during the 26-day occupation of the H.E.W. Building in 1977. Since the occupation took place over Easter and Passover, many of the activists celebrated their religious holidays in the building. Many of the organizers, such as Daniel Billups, drew on their own religious practices to lead and sustain the occupation. I will argue that the constraints of the occupation necessitated that these religious practices were interreligious and led to inter-riting among the occupants.

     

    Using archival material from The Healing Community, an interfaith disability rights organization, newspaper articles covering the occupation, and memoirs from key disability activists, I will show that interreligious practice and inter-riting sustained the occupation through non-violent methods. This occupation can expand our notions about where interreligious ritual participation takes place and question the “host and guest” framework of interreligious practices.

  • Interfaith Campus Walking Pilgrimage for Building Interreligious Studies on Campus

    Abstract

    We are creating an Interreligious Walking Pilgrimage on campus and its environs. On this pilgrimage designed by a team of faculty and students, college and community members are invited to engage in a multitude of religious experiences along our trails and walking paths. We are actively creating intermittent stations around campus where participants can scan QR codes that will link to meditations, music, poetry, and art from a variety of religious traditions.

  • Creating a Relational Container for Interreligious and Interfaith Studies

A24-136

Sunday, 11:15 AM - 12:30 PM

Convention Center-20D (Upper Level East)

The Status of Women and Gender Minoritized Persons in the Professions Committee and the Status of Racial and Ethnic Minoritized People in the Professions Committee will co-sponsor a mentoring lunch for women and gender-minoritized people. The luncheon is open to female-identified and gender minoritized members of AAR at any stage of their professional journey and offers space for candid conversations about the challenging issues which the participants are facing. This AAR member luncheon requires an advance purchase. Add this to your registration by MODIFYING your AAR Annual Meeting registration. Tickets not available after October 31.

A24-207

Sunday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Sapphire 400B (Fourth Level)

What insights do the epigraphic sources reveal regarding the roles of female Buddhists, including monastics and laywomen, in the development of Buddhism during medieval China? The incorporation of epigraphy for studying Buddhism offers the potential for a radical re-envision of our understanding of Buddhist women from the Northern Wei (386–534 CE) to the Tang dynasty (619–907 CE). This panel seeks to employ innovative methodologies in interpreting epigraphy to unveil the social roles and religious practices of these Buddhist women, which were overlooked in mainstream Buddhist scriptures and historical records, providing fresh insights into gender studies within Chinese Buddhism. Additionally, this panel examines the dynamic interactions between Buddhism and indigenous religious traditions like Confucianism through the lives of Buddhist women. It addresses the challenges and conundrums encountered by analyzing specific cases and texts and illustrates how contemporary Buddhists reconcile the conflicts between Buddhism and Confucianism, achieving a harmonious coexistence.

  • Doing Women’s History With Male-Authored Sources: the Conundrum of Entombed Biographies (Muzhiming 墓誌銘) as Source Material for the Study of Buddhist Women

    Abstract

    In this presentation I raise the question of the value that entombed biographies hold for the study of Buddhist women given that, as a genre, these texts were commonly written by men whom historians typically identify as Confucian. I argue that rather than dismiss these invaluable biographies because they were written by elite men with limited access to institutional spaces demarcated for Buddhist women, that we instead adopt a methodology of reading that seriously considers the ways in which Confucian men wrote about the virtues of Buddhist women even when those women’s virtues ran counter to traditional Confucian ones. I draw from three case studies of such biographies written for women who served the Northern Wei court in Luoyang in the early 6th century to reveal how Buddhism provided Confucian authors with a mechanism for appraising the public works of women in a time of intense cultural reinvention.

  • Filial Bhikṣuṇīs: More Aspects of Chinese Buddhist Nuns in the Reconciliation of Confucianism and Buddhism

    Abstract

    Scholars of Chinese Buddhism have shown how Buddhist nuns were depicted as ideals of filial women in the Biographies of Bhikṣuṇīs, and in epigraphical texts, as a Buddhist response to the criticism from Confucians. Most of the nuns’ impressive filial deeds in the hagiographies that have been discussed occurred before their renunciation. By employing examples found in the Continued Biographies of Bhikṣuṇīs and other epitaphs of Chinese Bhikṣuṇīs, I introduce more roles Chinese Buddhist nuns played and the efforts they made as filial women in the confrontation of these two traditions, highlighting how nuns maintained their images of filial women after their renunciation. This study sheds light on more aspects of Buddhist nuns in the transformation of leaving the family from an unfilial action to a filial behavior in China, and on how these women undermined the boundary between the religious and the secular spaces in this reconciliation.

  • “To Comply with Her Last Words”: Buddhist Women and Their Funerary Practices in Luoyang during the Tang Dynasty

    Abstract

    What are the last words of Buddhist women who resided and were interred in Luoyang, one capital of the Tang dynasty (618–907 CE)? Why did they hold an unconventional attitude toward the burials of their bodies, in which they prioritized Buddhist identities above their roles in Confucian society? To address these inquiries, this study examines three primary sources: epigraphical materials, encompassing donative inscriptions that convey their viewpoints and epitaphs capturing their final words; Buddhist caves and images patronized by these women; and archaeological evidence from their burial sites, offering insights into the actual execution of their funerary choices. This paper aims to reconstruct the funerary practices of these Buddhist women and reveal their Buddhist thoughts, practices, as well as the religious networks they were involved with,  while also addressing the dilemma faced by their executors and their eventual resolutions when Buddhist ideas conflicted with Confucian norms.

A24-209

Sunday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Aqua Salon AB (Third Level)

Drugs and rituals often form a pair. Some religious rituals use drugs to induce altered states, while drug use and recovery often take place in ritualized contexts. The papers in this panel examine the interaction between drugs and rituals through case studies that analyze the creation of rituals for psychedelic-assisted therapy, ritualized practices used in Alcoholics Anonymous, and the hypothetical smoking of marijuana in the First Church of Cannabis.

  • Structure, Function, and Implications of Rapid Ritualization in a Legal, Regulated Psychedelic Group Setting

    Abstract

    This paper describes the creation and evolution of a group psilocybin ritual developed under the Oregon Psilocybin Services program. The religiously-neutral regulatory structure of the Oregon program poses a challenge for facilitators, namely, how to cultivate bonds of trust and construct an interpersonal “container” that is solid enough for participants to accept the disorientation of altered consciousness, without transgressing state-mandated regulatory limits on religious content in psilocybin administration sessions? As regulated psychedelic-assisted therapy expands to other states, improvisational ritualization around psychedelics offers scholars an unprecedented opportunity to observe the rapid development ritual in non-religious, pseudo-religious, or religion-adjacent contexts. The high stakes and personal precarity inherent in psychedelic environments reveals the precise work that ritual accomplishes, of providing a bridge from “normal” life into liminal or even exceptional/transcendent states. The importance of pre-dose rituals to group psychedelic processes underscores the role ritual can play in developing social cohesion and social trust.

  • Cultivating and Experiencing “Conscious Contact” with a Higher Power in Alcoholics Anonymous

    Abstract

    Many people come to Alcoholics Anonymous less than enthusiastic about the “God part.” How then do they come to experience a relationship with some kind of higher power that they say helps them to stop drinking? Reluctant newcomers are often reassured that they can choose a higher power that works for them and are sometimes encouraged to “act as if” they believe, until they actually do. Using anthropologist T.M. Luhrmann’s helpful concept of spiritual “kindling,” this paper will explore how AA members make “conscious contact” (Step 11) with their higher powers to help them get and stay sober. Grounded in archive research, ethnographic observation, and interviews with 34 current and former members of AA, I will reveal how ongoing “conscious contact” became the proposed solution to alcoholism advocated by AA’s founders and how contemporary members seek such contact through ritualized practices and resulting spiritual experiences.

     

  • Innovation, Affect, and "Hypothetical" Ritual at the First Church of Cannabis

    Abstract

    In 2015, Bill Levin established the First Church of Cannabis (FCOC) in Indiana, and claimed that the state’s newly passed Religious Freedom Restoration Act legalized his church’s central ritual, i.e., the corporate smoking of marijuana. Subsequent lawsuits determined otherwise, but the FCOC continues to operate today, gathering weekly to hear sermons, share testimonials, and engage in what I call a “hypothetical” version of the this central ritual. The endurance of the FCOC and of a denuded version of this central ritual raises fascinating religious studies questions. This paper focuses on three: 1) The power of even a “hypothetical” ritual to organize and link a community’s ethos and worldview, 2) the fact and nature of ritual innovation, and 3) affect in the context of religious rituals and beliefs that explicitly center the body and acknowledge its needs and desires.

M24-301

Sunday, 3:00 PM - 4:30 PM

Marriott Marquis-Temacula 2 (North Tower - First Floor)

This session highlights the research of scholars associated with the Manchester Wesley Research Centre.
The first presentation will focus on Charles Wesley’s role in Methodist community formation in Bristol through his letters. The equalitarian marriage of eighteenth-century Methodists John and Mary (née Bosanquet) Fletcher is the subject of the second presentation. The final presentation will explore Thomas Coke’s attitudes and relationships with people of African descent.

  • Charles Wesley and the Formation of Community at Bristol (1749-1771)

    Abstract

    Charles Wesley moved to Bristol with his new bride, Sarah Gwynne, in 1749. They would live in Bristol until 1771, when they moved to London, although they continued to own their Bristol home. After the marriage, Charles initially resumed his itinerant ministry, but even after this ceased his presence in Bristol shaped the Methodist institutions nearby, including Kingswood School. This presentation will consider the years Charles spent at Bristol though an examination of his correspondence. It will concentrate on what can be learned about Charles Wesley’s formation of the community in and near Bristol through his letters.

  • “Twin-souls”: The Roots of Equalitarianism in the Marriage of John and Mary Fletcher

    Abstract

    This paper examines the marriage of eighteenth-century Methodists John and Mary (née Bosanquet) Fletcher, arguing that it had roots of equalitarianism. John and Mary’s relationship showed a mutual respect that Charles Wesley noticed. Wesley wrote to Mary Fletcher, “Yours I believe is one of the few marriages that are made in heaven . . . I sincerely rejoice that he [John Fletcher] has at last found out his Twin-soul, and trust you will be happier, by your meeting thro’ all eternity.” This research, supported by the Manchester Wesley Research Centre and the John Rylands Library draws on the Fletcher Tooth Collection in Methodist Archives of the John Rylands Library (University of Manchester). The paper argues that John and Mary Fletcher’s marriage provides an example for future equalitarian marriages.

  • The Apostle of Methodism: Thomas Coke’s Attitudes and Relationships with People of African Descent

    Abstract

    This paper explores Thomas Coke’s attitudes and relationships with people of African descent. During his lifetime Coke made eighteen voyages across the Atlantic Ocean, where he visited and preached in communities where Africans were enslaved in America and the West Indies. Utilizing primary sources, Coke’s letters and writings, and secondary sources, the paper will analyze the various experiences, relationships, and attitudes that Coke exhibited about Black people, including his advocacy on behalf of the rights of enslaved persons and the abolitionist cause. The paper makes the case that while Coke had a complex relationship with British colonialism, and worked within racist systems, his actions advanced the liberation of Black people.

A24-337

Sunday, 3:00 PM - 4:30 PM

Convention Center-30C (Upper Level East)

This session will examine the relationship between the US and Israel/Palestine from a variety of historical and contemporary perspectives. The papers will focus on Muslim and Jewish approaches to this connection.

  • “AmericaIsrael:” On the Boundaries of Political and Religious Dissent

    Abstract

    Discussions of the religious and affective elements of U.S. support for Israel often invoke dispensationalist theology, Christian and Jewish Zionisms, and Jewish American support for a Jewish state. All are important. Yet U.S. support for Israel is also more complex and conflicted. This paper takes the U.S. border as a heuristic to explore the boundaries of political and religious dissent involving U.S. support for Israel. I examine the curious affective politics of this support and its implications for the public policing of dissent. To develop this argument, I introduce the construct of “AmericaIsrael, " in which Israel and America act in concert as interwoven expressions of redemption. The border between the two states is both posited and suspended. For many Americans, Israel—both the State of Israel and the idea of U.S. support for Israel—represents a unique capacity for boundless collective self-realization. AmericaIsrael is a central figure in the US spiritual-political imagination.

  • Arab American Midwestern Inter-Religious Unity and Palestinian Liberation, 1936-1954

    Abstract

    This paper argues that Arab American Midwesterners, both Christians and Muslims, identified inter-religious unity as a foundation of Arab American solidarity with Palestine from the time of the Palestinian revolt in 1936 until a more confessional politics overtook Arab Midwestern civil society in the 1950s. Using the writings of many Arab American Midwesterners as well as news articles published in the Indianapolis-based Syrian Ark newspaper, I show how Palestinian liberation and anti-Zionism were presented as an inter-religious concern among Muslim, Orthodox, and Melkite leaders of the mainly Syrian-Lebanese Americans of the Midwest. In addition, this presentation asserts that a commitment to Palestine was not in tension with Arab Midwesterners' local, regional, and national identities but was in fact generative of communal solidarity and homemaking in all of these domains.

  • Redefining Apartheid in American and Global Palestine Solidarity Debates

    Abstract

    In the recent past, debates have popularized concerning the value and meaning of the term
    apartheid. Is it a term that is adequate for discerning Israel’s subjugation of Palestine, or not? In
    this paper, I provide a conceptual comparative framework for understanding the various
    dimensions of apartheid as it relates to settler-colonialism and racial capitalism. Through
    engaging in contemporary debates within Palestine Studies, I demonstrate that the term apartheid
    has always been used to describe the legal, political, economic and gendered ways in which
    apartheid was understood in South Africa and globally. With regards to the concepts of settler-
    colonialism and racial capitalism, I place them within debates emanating from Decolonial
    Theory which outline their varied dimensions as understood by the long-duree critique of
    coloniality and capitalism. In conclusion, I argue that approaching the definition of apartheid
    from within this comparative conceptual framework demonstrates that their meanings are co-
    constitutive and co-determinative.

  • Theology after Gaza

    Abstract

    Gaza is a crucial litmus test for international morality and ethical standards in the twenty-first century. The Israeli onslaught on Gaza has exposed deep biases and blind spots in the West, as most of the Western establishment, political class, and churches have lined up to provide blanket support for Israel, politically, militarily, economically, legally, and theologically.  This paper will address questions to be considered at this crucial juncture regarding responsibilities that theologians and scholars of religion and different faith traditions have in this moment.

A24-401

Sunday, 5:00 PM - 6:30 PM

Convention Center-26A (Upper Level East)

The panel “Violence, Nonviolence, and the Margin” examines the complex dynamics of power, resistance, and transformation within marginalized communities. Through diverse lenses of art, theology, documentary, and literature, the panelists explore how narratives of violence and nonviolence intersect at the margins of society, reshaping identities, reclaiming histories, and redefining theological and literary landscapes. The first paper examines the intersection of art and theology by juxtaposing Browder’s monument, “Mothers of Gynecology,” against Sims's monument. By analyzing Browder's work's aesthetic and activist dimensions, the paper highlights the power of art to challenge historical injustices and provoke theological reflection. This second paper discusses the emergence of The Fellowship of Affirming Ministries Movement within the LGBTQ+ community, redefining the traditional Black church. Through the lens of a documentary filmmaker, the paper documents personal transformation and spiritual renewal and showcases how marginalized communities are reshaping religious landscapes on a global scale. This third paper reevaluates Ngugi Wa Thiong’o’s novel The River Between and proposes him as an ethnographic writer through a fresh interpretation of his novelistic work. By examining the novel's historical and imaginative functions, the paper positions his work within broader discussions of religion, literature, and indigenous narratives, like Chinua Achebe and Mongo Beti.

  • Michelle Browder’s “Mothers of Gynecology” as Theological Locus: Aesthetic and Activist Engagement as Theological Reflection

    Abstract

    This paper explores how the engagement of art influences theological research through Michelle Browder’s “Mothers of Gynecology” monument in Montgomery, Alabama. One mile away from Browder’s work, Montgomery’s capitol commemorates Dr. J. Marion Sims as the Father of Gynecology, even as his discoveries were made by operating on enslaved women without their consent or anesthesia. In contrast to Sims’s monument, “Mothers of Gynecology” enacts the sacred space to remember the true Mothers of Gynecology: Anarcha, Betsey, and Lucy. In conversation with theological aesthetics and Kelly Brown Douglas’s Stand Your Ground, this paper will: 1) closely analyze the aesthetics of “Mothers of Gynecology” as a primary source for theological writing and 2) demonstrate how the monument created the space for ongoing activist engagement. Ultimately, I argue that Browder’s “Mothers of Gynecology” evinces the power of art to act as radical re-education, and thus as a space of necessary theological reflection.

  • Mapping the Margins of The Fellowship of Affirming Ministries: A Documentarian’s Journey

    Abstract

    In this paper I share my journey as a documentary filmmaker and photographer documenting the work of Bishop Yvette Flunder and The Fellowship of Affirming Ministries Movement. The movement on the margins of the traditional Black church is happening in this LGBTQ+ community. Over the last three years I have been co-creating with my LGBTQ+ siblings a six part documentary series along with portraits and documentary photos mapping the growth of this movement. This work has transformed me as I have seen God birth the Black church anew in this terrain. In this paper I share how a cisgender, heterosexual Black male was called to do this work and how I found God anew in my new faith home with my LGBTQ+ siblings. Moreover I share the story of this new church and how it is manifesting itself on a global landscape.

A24-433

Sunday, 5:00 PM - 6:30 PM

Convention Center-28B (Upper Level East)

With the political upheavals of Jair Bolsonaro as stark evidence, the traditional boundaries of public and private as well as religious and secular are rapidly transforming in Brazil. To that end, the papers in this session will examine the ways public expressions of "religion" are aesthetically constructed, experienced, and politicized within the context of modern Brazilian secularism. Presentations will explore how Brazilian secularist logics operate aesthetically in a range of  contemporary settings, from museum curation to urban design and Christian nationalist movements.

  • Art Museums and the Aesthetics of Secularism in Brazil

    Abstract

    This paper takes two case studies from a contemporary art museum in São Paulo, Brazil, as a critical point of departure for the study of secularism in Brazil. It examines how two shows, by Adriana Varejão and Ayrson Heráclito, both at the Pinacoteca de São Paulo, offered different formulations of the relationship between religion and art. This paper takes these two case studies as a key point of departure for studying the secular in Brazil. Building on earlier secularism works, this paper analyzes museums as a secularizing force, analyzing how they direct, discipline, and frame forms of religion for the public. How do practices of creating discourse (e.g. exhibitions, work descriptions, wall texts, catalogs), placing material into space (i.e. expography), and staging encounters between art, artists, and viewers constitute and perform a secular aesthetic? How does this help us understand the aesthetics of the secular in Brazil and more broadly?

  • Brazilian Modernities and Secular Repair

    Abstract

    In the center of São Paulo stands two megastructures, the Edifício Copan and the Templo de Salomão. The Copan—an Oscar Niemeyer apartment building with more than 5,000 residents that opened in 1966—has been a monument to the urban life imagined by midcentury modernity. The Templo is a replica of Solomon's temple magnified to occupy an entire city block, constructed by an evangelical church for 300 million US dollars in 2014. While the Templo has become a mecca for conservative Christians throughout South America, the Copan decays; its intricate tilework falling into the street below. This paper compares what James Holston calls the “alternative modernities” represented by these edifices to diagnose the slippery hold of secularism in contemporary Brazil. It argues that instead of viewing the post-secular as an inevitable condition of post-modern societies, we should view secularism as a political project in need of intellectual repair.

  • Christian Nationalism and the Rise of Charismatic Publics in Brazil

    Abstract

    This presentation argues that what was earlier held as an open “marketplace” of religion in Brazil has broken out of the private sphere to hold sway as a political force in the form of an emergent Christian nationalism. Taking Michelle Bolsonaro’s speech to a crowd on February 25th as its point of departure, I track the transit of three phenomena between religious sites and the public sphere: spiritual deliverance, Biblical Hebrew imagery, and Protestant-Catholic ecumenism. This presentation uses the theoretical concepts of discursive chains of equivalence and charisma to analyze the motifs listed above as tools political actors are using to blur the boundaries between religious authority and secular space. It ends with a reflection on the ways such blurring affects national conversations surrounding secularism, race, and freedom of speech.