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This is the most up-to-date schedule for the 2023 AAR Annual Meeting. If you have questions about the program, contact annualmeeting@aarweb.org. All times are listed in Central Standard Time.

LGBTIQ+ scholars, friends, family, and allies are warmly welcomed to the LGBTIQ+ Status Committee's annual reception! Come greet old friends, make new ones, build your networks, and enjoy a convivial evening.

The Committee on the Status of LGTBIQ+ Persons in the Profession cordially invites all LGBTIQ+ scholars, of all ranks and places/forms of employment/under-employment, to join us for our annual mentoring lunch. This year, instead of inviting specific mentors, we welcome all scholars interested in offering mentoring, receiving mentoring, or both. Table topics will include mid-career scholars, administrators & senior scholars, wellness and joy, publishing your first book, journal publishing, the job market, navigating grad school, and careers beyond the ivory tower. In order to make the mentoring lunch as accessible as possible, we do not require pre-registration and we do not provide pre-paid lunches; attendees are welcome to bring their own lunches if they want or need to do so.

This roundtable will reflect on the current status and future directions for trans scholars and trans scholarship in the study of religion. We will hear from innovative scholars across the field on the conditions for trans scholars today and how we hope to see these conditions improve in the future, as well as on the present and future of trans scholarship in the field. How might trans scholars best be able to thrive in the study of religion, particularly given entrenched resistance to trans life from many religious leaders across the globe? What transformative scholarship will the present and future generations of trans scholars of religion contribute to our guild?

The Status of People with Disabilities in the Profession Committee (PWD) will host a luncheon for scholars and students with disabilities, as well as anyone interested in disability issues in the Academy. The luncheon will offer opportunities for mentoring and informal connections with colleagues.

This is a closed meeting for members of the status of people with disabilities in the profession committee. This status committee works to assure the full access and belonging of people with disabilities within the Academy and to advance their status within their professions. For information on how to get involved with this committee, please reach out to committee chair, Nick Shrubsole, at Nicholas.Shrubsole@ucf.edu

Women's Caucus

This session presents scholars who have published books in the discipline of women’s studies, gender, theology, and religion in 2023-2024. This panel’s authors will provide an overview of their books and share their perspectives on current research being published on women and gender studies. The authors will also discuss how they visualize their books in constructing knowledge and influencing the public sphere. In addition, these scholars will share their experiences regarding strategies and mechanics for publishing women’s studies in theology and religion books and offer advice for those seeking publication of related book manuscripts.
Kate Common, Undoing Conquest: Ancient Israel, the Bible, and the Future of Christianity
​Monique Moultrie, Hidden Histories: Faith and Black Lesbian Leadership
K. Christine Pae, A Transpacific Imagination of Theology, Ethics, and Spiritual Activism: Doing Feminist Ethics Transnationally
Colleen D. Hartung and Sheryl Johnson, Women Advancing Knowledge Equity: The Parliament of the World's Religions
Mahjabeen Dhala, Feminist Theology and Social Justice in Islam: A Study on the Sermon of Fatima
Graduate Theological Union
Stephanie A. Budwey, Religion and Intersex: Perspectives from Science, Law, Culture, and Theology
Vanderbilt University Divinity School

This meeting is for members of the status of women and gender-minoritized persons in the profession committee. The committee has been recommending policies and good practices to assure the full access and academic freedom of women and gender minoritized persons within the Academy and develops programs to enhance their status in the profession. For information on how to get involved with this committee or programs, including women’s mentoring lunch, organized by the committee, please reach out to committee chair, K. Christine Pae at paec@denison.edu.

All are welcome to explore the professional development of career and life paths in various religious fields of scholarship. Panelists will address challenges and successes within their own career paths. Experiences and tools will be shared how they have used their degrees for sustained financial growth and cultural influence even if not on the tenure path. Panelists represent traditional rank and tenure, careers in academic related fields such as archivists and independent scholarship, artificial intelligence in scholarship, and consulting in the non-profit and for-profit world. There will be allotted time for questions and discussion.

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth century poor colonial conditions led Muslims to theorize their own decline and subsequently, antidotes to this perceived decline, including notions of pan-Islamic solidarity and the invocation of an imagined Muslim world, a world beyond the borders and dictates of nation-states. Islamic revival movements flourished in this period, as Muslims used Islam to articulate resistance to systems of domination, from British colonial rule in India, to Jim Crow in the United States. Together these papers present a complex portrait of Islamic twentieth century revival movements, which were both intensely local in their stakes and articulation, but also connected to larger global networks and trends. The twentieth century was a time of vast diversity in Islamic theological expression. At the same time as these distinct movements proliferated, appeals to an imagined, unified Muslim world and an idealized, all-encompassing Muslim identity increased.

  • Abstract

    This paper examines conceptions of sacred geography invoked by two Muslim groups in the United States in the first half of the twentieth century, the Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, and the Moorish Science Temple of America (MSTA). Geographic touchstones for both groups included Chicago, the American South, India, Asia, and Africa. This seemingly eclectic mix of locations, ranging from cities to regions to continents, were consecrated and stitched together through repeated invocations in community newspapers and periodicals. The idea of a Muslim world provided the Ahmadiyya and MSTA with a vision in which their small burgeoning groups in the United States could be understood as integral components of much larger global forces. Categorization is a means of establishing mastery of knowledge, and in mapping out these geographic assemblages, the Ahmadiyya and MSTA groups presented different visions of racialized understandings of Muslim identity that would eliminate racial inequality.

  • Abstract

    Over the last fifty years, Islamic fundamentalism, marked by scripturalism and an emphasis on purification of Islamic customs, has emerged in sub-Saharan Africa. Motivated by this seismic transformation, this chapter examines how and why Islamic fundamentalism emerged in African countries. I trace the role of educational exchange with Islamic institutions in Arab countries in serving as a key channel for the diffusion of conservative ideas from the Arab world into African countries. I particularly focus on al-Azhar University in Egypt and the Islamic University of Medina in Saudi Arabia as two prominent educational institutions where reformist ideas were dominant during the mid- and late-twentieth century. Through case studies from East and West Africa, I show that beneficiaries of educational exchange played a key role in founding reformist Islamic organizations that facilitate the diffusion of conservative ideas in African countries.

  • Abstract

    From 1928-1930, three Muslim movements emerged that would garner mass followings: the Muslim Brothers in Egypt; the Tijani Fayḍah in Senegal; and the Nation of Islam in the U.S. Each led large-scale social mobilization efforts and attempted participation in local politics. All three challenged the societies in which they functioned, as well as the twin pillars of the emerging postwar world order: secularization and political liberalism. These movements are often differentiated from one another through their respective classifications as Islamist and Arab, Sufi and African, and Black Nationalist and American. However, these designations can obscure more than they reveal. In a mid-century setting when alliances among global powers were being torn apart and reassembled toward variant grand visions of how the world ought to be arranged, I argue that these groups’ attempts to fashion assemblies and visions of their own can help us broaden our understandings of these movements and the mid-20th century. 

  • Abstract

    The Darul Islam Movement (1962 to 1983) was arguably the most successful Islamic revivalist movement in U.S. At its height, it consisted of a network of about 40 affiliated mosques throughout the country, as well as its own magazine, printing press, businesses, and schools. Formed during the 1960s, the Dar shared many concerns in common with contemporary groups like the Nation of Islam and the Black Panther Party. Yet the Dar also deeply engaged the ideas of Islamic reformists like Abul A'la al-Maududi, Hassan Al-Banna, and Sayyid Qutb. This paper considers the diverse ideological influences that characterized the Dar and the impact of the movement on subsequent Muslim communities in the US. I argue that the Dar crafted a version of Islamic Internationalism that appropriated global Islamist discourses, while simultaneously contending with the ideals of Black self-determination, Black nationalism, and working-class consciousness that animated radical organizing in the urban U.S.

Borders and boundaries are essential mechanisms through which our social world is constituted. The papers in this panel contribute to a robust theorization of borders and boundaries in Islamic studies, through an array of rich and multi-layered case-studies exploring a complex intersection of boundaries: from the cosmological (boundaries between this world and the next, the living and the dead) to geographic and political boundaries of space (national and civilizational borders), as well as boundaries of religious and sectarian lines, gendered and sexual difference, and conceptual categories such as the religious and secular.

  • Abstract

    Since 2018, the Albukhary Foundation Gallery of the Islamic World has invited visitors to the British Museum to experience its treasures and reflect on their histories. The British Museum, and others like the Metropolitan, have turned to border-crossing ideas such as “Islamic art” to style themselves as keepers of shared humanity’s shared heritage. Such moves have provoked scholars critically museums’ reception and retention of the material inheritance of empire. In this paper, I argue that while the Islamic Gallery and similar spaces do serve a vital part in the 21st-century imaginary of the “universal museum,” they should not be simply understood as imperial treasure-troves rebranded as liberal institutions. Through its decolonial co-determination and self-critical representation, the Islamic Gallery rather serves as instruction to visitors in how to be reflective cosmopolitans, disquieted by, and yet at home in, a persistently unequal world.

  • Abstract

    This paper uses formative and classical Muslim legal sources about who can wash whose corpse to investigate a series of questions about bodies, kinship, and the regulation of sex and gender. Juristic discussions about ghusl al-mayyit, the washing of bodies prior to burial, reveal assumptions about what sort of relationships survive death—for instance, in the question of whether a widower can wash the body of the woman who was, when she lived, his wife. Of the many issues that arise in dealing with the newly dead, the jurists focus only on a small subset. Situating this inquiry within a larger scholarly conversation about how Muslim legal and ethical discourses seek to regulate and manage difference, vulnerability, and hierarchy, I argue that early and classical jurisprudential agreements and disagreements over washing corpses reveal both shared norms and differing priorities between and among jurists about how to relate to the dead.

  • Abstract

    In this presentation, I explore the role of ritual in the interfaith and binational efforts of the “Border Mosque” and “Border Church” in San Diego and Tijuana to express and enact a solidarity with victims of unjust and exploitative immigration systems and practices. The ritual performances by both groups not only served to cultivate solidarities across religious, racial, and national lines; they also functioned as a form of “prefigurative politics” foreshadowing a world free of xenophobia and militarized borders. I unpack the moral imagination cultivated by these performances by drawing on the Qur’anic concept of the _barzakh_ to capture a discursive space which _both_ divides _and_ connects and thus opens up ways of conceiving the self and other that neither presuppose stark opposition nor collapse difference in the name of a liberal modernity. Consequently, a _barzakh_ moral imagination offers promising insights into how we might understand solidarity.

  • Abstract

    This paper challenges widespread assumptions about the role of violence in establishing Twelver Shiʿism as Iran’s official religion, by presenting the first systematic overview in scholarship of the early Safavid dynasty’s Sufi teachings (until 1524) and thereby refuting common claims of its supporters’ uniquely “militant” or “extremist” Shiʿite beliefs.  Considered alongside centuries of precedent in military activities by similar nomadic groups, I show that the Safavids’ use of violence was neither particularly exceptional nor inherently “religious,” offering a less sensational interpretation of their armed enforcement of public Shiʿism better contextualized by their history.  Responding to Smith, Asad, Cavanaugh and others, my analysis suggests that a limited rehabilitation of Hodgson’s concept of the “secular” in Islamic history, particularly related to military and administrative practices, may advance more historically grounded theorizations of violence and sectarianism in Islam capable of continued growth in responsiveness to contemporary concerns without being artificially constrained by them.

Islamic studies grad students will present and respond to each other's dissertation research.

  • Abstract

    My dissertation, “Objects of Enchantment: The Life and Afterlife of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī’s (d. 606/1210) Hidden Secret,” centers on an Arabic manual of ritual magic written by famed theologian and philosopher Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī. The first half of the dissertation provides the first close analysis of Rāzī’s sources, showing how he imagines the pre-Islamic ancient past as a repository of enchanted knowledge and enfolds this knowledge into an Islamic cosmology. The second half of the dissertation traces the circulation of this text, its translation into Persian, and its reception in a variety of contexts, including the Delhi Sultanate and early Ottoman courts, early modern Cairo, and in colonial manuscript libraries. In illustrating the vast popularity of this text, the dissertation both demonstrates the centrality of this genre to Islamic intellectual and political history and also theorizes the meaning of enchantment and disenchantment in a premodern context.

  • Abstract

    Through a close examination of unstudied Sunnī ziyāra liturgies like those found in Ibn Farhūn’s (d. 1397) Kitāb Irshād al-Sālik, my dissertation challenges the prevailing notion that ziyāra as scripted liturgy was restricted to Shīʿī sources. In my dissertation, I explore the disjunction between premodern and modern Sunnī ziyāra practices and answer: In what contexts did ziyāra liturgies emerge and develop? How did pilgrims engage with ziyāra liturgies? How can we compare ziyāra across sectarian lines? How did ziyāra liturgy communicate certain norms and ideals to spiritual participants? This project highlights several understudied aspects of ziyāra such as the study of female saints and women’s ziyāra to shed light on broader questions of sectarian identity development. My research draws on methods from ritual, material, and gender studies and illustrates that reading ziyāra literature across sectarian divides grants key insight into an understanding of intra-religious relations and sectarianism in the Middle East.

  • Abstract

    Thousands of Shiʿas gather annually for the Ashura procession in the megacity of Karachi, putting a multitude of languages, practices, and communities on public display whilst signaling power through unity. Karachi’s Ashura procession reflects the complicated entanglements of urbanization, violence, religious and ethnic identities, as well as constantly-changing spatial dynamics in the city. Claiming public space, asserting identity, and operating within a complicated politics of visibility are tied with a major act of religious devotion. The yearly tensions around Karachi’s Ashura procession distill a broader set of contemporary issues about public space, urban religion, and the place of religious minorities in this majority-Sunni postcolonial nation. My dissertation considers the question of minority religion practices in public space amidst a complex context. Centering the Muharram procession as a key element of the city’s urbanization process, I argue that Karachi’s Shiʿas negotiate the relationship between public presence (visibility) and silence (invisibility) as a means to understand and negotiate their positioning in the city and within a larger discussion of what constitutes a “Pakistani Muslim.”

  • Abstract

    This paper explores the Sufi philosophy known as the “Unity of Being”(waḥdat al-wujūd) in the early modern Ottoman and Mughal Empires. In the 17th century, debates surrounding this system of thought can tell us much about Sufism as well as the history of empire, changing religious demographics, and contests over political and religious authority. This study examines  adherents to the doctrine of waḥdat al-wujūd like Şeyh Bedreddin (d.1421 c.e.), Mughal prince Dārā Shikūh (d. 1659 c.e.), and ‘Abd al-Ghanī Nābulusī  (d.1731 c.e.) against Aḥmad Sirhindī’s (d. 1624 c.e.) intervention rejecting this doctrine. By exploring these case studies it becomes apparent that anxieties over the demarcation between Islam and non-Muslim religions are at the crux of what makes this philosophy so controversial, and that its defenders attempt to navigate a course between the particulars of Islam and the universalizing worldview of mystical monism.

  • Abstract

    In this paper I will present the theory of two figures, Ibn ʿArabī and Shihāb al-Dīn Yaḥya al-Suhrawardī, concerning the nature of barzakh and how it is used to explain how the dead live in their tombs and can mediate for the living. I argue that these figures echo the Qurʾān, and understand barzakh as both a barrier and a passageway. First I argue that both take the initial notion of barzakh and stretch it to generate a hierarchal, ordered world. Second, I note that their biggest difference lies in the fact that Ibn ʿArabī, unlike al-Suhrawardī, sees barzakh as bridging the gap between God and creatures. Lastly, I explore how it follows that what lies in barzakh, the dead, are alive play a mediative role in salvation, and how we ought to understand reformers like Ibn Taymiyya as rejecting this specific understanding of barzakh that draws on Ishrāqī Illumination.

  • Abstract

    Taqyīd al-mubāḥ (restricting the permissible) refers to the ability of Muslim rulers to restrict acts that the sharīʿa permits in order to prevent a social harm and secure a public benefit. Since the late nineteenth century, this concept has been used to justify the state’s restriction of legally permissible acts such as slavery, child marriage, and verbal divorce. My paper identifies the nineteenth-century Egyptian discussions on polygyny as an instance in which scholars also debated taqyīd al-mubāḥ. This debate reflected the evolving role of the state. Early in the century, scholars didn’t advocate state intervention due to limited power. By the late century, as state control over courts increased, some scholars saw an opportunity to restrict polygyny for the public good, while others argued for limited state intervention and the privacy of marriage. This highlights the tension between the legal tradition and social change, showcasing the strategic use of Islamic legal principles to navigate these challenges.

Digital humanities is playing an increasingly important role in religious studies. This panel advances this methodological agenda in Islamic studies in particular, by helping us envision possibilities of how new media and computer-based technologies can be understood and utilized in the field. The papers theorize new media in insightful ways, model novel methodologies in the study of Muslim communities and traditions, and reflect on the use of digital tools in our pedagogy and scholarship. 

  • Abstract

    Our study explores the role of temporary marriage (mutʿa) in the development of sectarian identities and the intersection of law and morality in early Islamic law. Through digital humanities techniques, we construct a corpus from hundreds of hadiths to examine the debate over mutʿa’s legitimacy. Analyzing the hadiths' geographic spread and the sectarian affiliations of their transmitters, we highlight mutʿa's influence on sectarian identity formation and the jurisprudential tensions between law and morality in early Islam. This research showcases the value of digital humanities in historical Islamic law and hadith analysis.

  • Abstract

    My paper argues that Shahzad Bashir’s new, all-digital book A New Vision for Islamic Pasts and Futures offers an alternative to the typical timeline of Islam presented in undergraduate survey courses. Accessibly written, the book invites scholars and students to think of Islamic history as a web, through which different people along different paths which intersect through various thematic, narrative, and material “nodes.” In Fall 2023, I redesigned my introductory survey course, “Islamic Traditions” around Bashir’s A New Vision. The course follows a “choose-your-own-adventure” format in which students collectively select each section of the book that we read as a group. The paper draws on my experience as an instructor and student survey responses to demonstrate that it is possible to introduce students to the study of Islam without flattening the complexity of Islamic historical thinking and that doing so can increase student excitement about, and engagement in, our courses.

  • Abstract

    This paper mobilizes premodern textual artifacts relevant to the tradition Islamic sciences of Qur’an recitation (tajwid and the qira’at) as a means to theorize “sound media” from an Islamic perspective. It begins by noting the foreshadowing of modern recording technologies in the spiral shape of the late premodern Moroccan Sultan Sulayman’s sanad, or scholarly genealogy, in the recitational sciences. But it focuses, analytically, on the traditional teaching certificates, or ijazas, or Moroccan reciters in the generations leading up to Sulayman’s era. Such documents include increasingly detailed descriptions by the ijaza author of his student’s ijaza-earning recitational performance, known as a khatma, linked, textually, to a longer genealogy of practice represented by the sanad. I argue that such ijazas thus functioned as “sound media” that are both similar to, and more expansive than, modern technologies, preserving not just a “record” of a single performance but an entire history of practice.

  • Abstract

    Drawing on geographic approaches to urban consumption, this paper conceptualizes Muslim geographies of consumption in Philadelphia. Based on twelve months of ethnographic research and digital mapping of halal businesses, I make two central claims: (1) there are multiple concentrations of halal consumption in the city that are racially, socio-economically, and devotionally distinctive; (2) in addition to Islamic institutions, these concentrations of halal consumption take shape in relation to gentrification, infrastructure, and urban renewal. I focus on two geographies of consumption in Philadelphia—one in West Philadelphia and one in North Philadelphia—as case studies of infrastructure's and urban renewal's effects on halal consumption. Ultimately, this paper demonstrates that attention to the everyday urban process that shape Islamic tradition clarifies the anti-Black and capital-driven forces that constrain the enactment of Islamic tradition in Philadelphia, as well as the ways that Muslim sustain devotional practices and forge convivialities across difference.

This roundtable introduces three brand new studies of contemporary Islam, from Egypt, France, and Tanzania, all published in 2024 or early 2025. The three authors will be in dialogue with one another, as well as with two respondents, themselves ethnographers of Islam who work in different regions. The works offer fresh understandings of contested Muslim social and political organizing, while remaining attentive to how Muslims navigate issues of identity, community formation and preservation, and relations with states and wider society. Each book draws on historical materials and rich qualitative research to explore complex dynamics of Islamic education, culture, and community politics. The authors and respondents will engage in a lively conversation that draws together regions of the world too rarely put into conversation. The roundtable format promises a refreshing structure for creative collaboration, introducing cutting-edge work in Islamic studies that will shape emerging directions in contemporary global Islam.

Building on the work of scholars such as Eaton and Ernst, recent scholarship in South Asian Islam has begun to call for the retrieval of insider and ‘emic’ perspectives from Indic texts and traditions (Nair 2020). This panel aims to carry this agenda further, reimagining non-modern objects of academic inquiry as sources of theory, hermeneutics, and philosophy. Attending to the creative and interpretive practices in historical texts allows us to study the Indic Islamicate on its own terms. Beginning in the thirteenth century Delhi Sultanate, Ilma's contribution takes Khusraw seriously as a theorist, reading him as a source of emic methods of evaluating Indo-Persian literary works. Raihan's work on the sixteenth century Konkanī figure al-Mahāʾimī invites us to reconfigure our concepts of reading and interpretive practice. Further South still, Mackenzie’s examination of vernacular hagiography, and emic historiography of religious syncretism, enriches our comprehension of cultural exchange. Turning toward the Mughal era, Aman's paper invites us to reconsider the motivations of Hindu-Muslim encounters, with an eye toward understanding the crucial role played by Indic and Islamicate philosophical systems in constructing a reading of the (religious) ‘other.’ Glistening like a pearl: Exploring Indo-Persian Literary Hermeneutics through Khusraw’s Dibāchāh.

The last few years have yielded a body of work in Jewish and Christian thought calling for a (re)turn to the maternal as a rich but marginalized source for thinking about these traditions’ central philosophical, theological, and ethical preoccupations, including obligation, love, vulnerability, embodiment, and care. While this panel shares concern for exclusion and inattention to questions of care, domesticity, vulnerability, and embodiment, it details the ways that the unacknowledged normative starting point informing much of this work, in which maternality is a privileged, paradigmatic lens, precludes the realization of this scholarships' stated goals of challenging dominant categories structuring collective life through the consideration of minoritized subject positions. This panel poses a series of methodological critiques that refigure the possibilities and limits of thinking with “the maternal turn.”

  • Abstract

    Feminist turns to maternal experience have emphasized its asymmetries of power, capability, vulnerability, and need against traditional philosophical paradigms of individual subjectivity as ideally invulnerable, self-sufficient, and self-controlled. This paper considers how mother-child relationships have been used in recent feminist thought to develop accounts of obligation from asymmetries of power, vulnerability, and need. It argues that taking maternal experience as an ethical paradigm obscures important questions about domination in care, both because maternal experience might be relatively exceptional, instead of exemplary, with respect to domination and because of the way these projects focus on the immediacy of care, fixing the mother-child relationship as a dyadic encounter. Where these accounts depend on a paradigm of encounter, they recreate some of the problems they seek to resist by fixing complex power relationships in time. 

  • Abstract

    Mara Benjamin’s The Obligated Self: Maternal Subjectivity and Jewish Thought (2018) reclaims parental caregiving as a way to rethink relationality in concert with the sources of biblical, rabbinic, and modern Jewish thought. The perceptive reader of Jewish texts, she suggests, may apprehend through the silver traceries of child-rearing deeper insight into the ways that biblical and rabbinic texts think about obligation, love, power, teaching, and kinship. By scoring maternal subjectivity into the catalog of Jewish thought, Benjamin sonorously interrupts “a cavernous intellectual silence [reigning] where centuries-long, voluble conversation ought to have been” (xvi). This paper takes up Benjamin’s invitation to plumb “the constructive possibilities latent within [midrash]” by weaving together the purported binary between abstract thought and embodied ways of knowing, exploring what becomes knowable about rabbinic conceptions of the Torah when we read rabbinic texts through the lens of chestfeeding parental pleasure.

  • Abstract

    This paper takes experiences of infertility as a methodological provocation, asking scholars to consider what methodological tools need to be developed to theorize the full range of parental experience (in all of its diversely gendered forms). This paper suggests that neither the phenomenological nor ethnographic methodologies used in existing scholarship on the maternal turn have lived up to their promise to make Jewish thought genuinely attentive to the complex relationship between a range of embodied experiences and philosophical reflection. 

  • Abstract

    This paper is an experiment in collaborative authorship and presentation. We utilize the resources of queer theory to stage the problem of reproductive futurism—namely, whether the normalization of reproduction forecloses upon the possibility of radical change.  This will be done through a discussion of two distinct case studies.  The first reads Hannah Arendt’s conception of natality against some of its invocations by the maternal turn. It offers the natality of abortion—the newness and possibilities opened up by the refusal to reproduce—as a counter-paradigm for the newness and transformative possibilities imputed to birth.  The second turns to rabbinic literature to explore figures and categories for birth, reproduction, etc. that emphasize not only important discontinuities between rabbinic categories and our own but also allow us to see the investments in heteronormative reproductive futurity as strange to the rabbinic sources as (many claim is) authorized by them.

This book panel engages Rafael Rachel Neis’ innovative book, When a Human Gives Birth to a Raven. This book investigates rabbinic treatises relating to animals, humans, and other life-forms. Through an original analysis, Neis shows how rabbis blurred the lines between humans and other beings, even as they were intent on classifying creatures and tracing the contours of what it means to be human. Recognizing that life proliferates by mechanisms beyond sexual copulation between two heterosexual “male” and “female” individuals of the same species, the rabbis proposed intricate alternatives. In parsing a variety of creatures, they upset unmitigated claims of human distinctiveness. When a Human Gives Birth to a Raven enters conversations in animal studies, queer theory, trans theory, and feminist science studies to provincialize sacrosanct ideals of reproduction; the book thereby offers powerful historical alternatives to the paradigms associated with so-called traditional ideas

Henry Bial, in Acting Jewish, describes “double coding” as “the specific means and mechanisms by which a performance can communicate one message to Jewish audiences while simultaneously communicating another, often contradictory message to gentile audiences.” Such double coding is in play with what these panelists term “Implicit Judaism,” referring to the subtle ways in which Jewish identity, culture, and practices are embedded within various aspects of everyday life, often without explicit religious markers. These aspects include food choices, popular culture references, and the presentation of American Jews in post-WWII popular literature. This roundtable aims to challenge religious/secular divisions by exploring the ways in which implicit Judaism operates as a form of gatekeeping around Jewish identity. This gatekeeping not only creates its own particular cultural identity—it also alienates those on the margins of the Jewish community who might not know the codes.

This panel investigates multiple sites of meaning-making in Jewish thought, politics, and culture, from rituals and ceremonies in late antiquity to modern mystical discourses. The first paper views rabbinic literature within the context of late antique Greco-Roman medicine to ask how we might apply the “bio-looping” model of therapeutic intervention to rabbinic conceptions of embodiment. The second paper attends to midrash as an expressive practice of speech that affectively forms both public rhetorical culture and the individual political subjects within it. The third paper addresses medieval kabbalistic approaches to historical misfortune as cosmological attempts to position Jews as proactive agents of world-historical events. The fourth paper views the politics of mysticism through the lens of Jewish cultural history to consider the complexities of modern liberal political discourses. Taken together, these papers illuminate Jewish textual, affective, and political entanglements in order to shed new light on existing cultural and religious categories. 

  • Abstract

    Religious healing has long been a subject of interest in both the sciences and humanities disciplines. How do rituals, prayers, and ceremonies—meaning-making experiences without an obvious western biomedical intervention—lead to real therapeutic results including pain relief, remission, and recovery from illness? This paper draws on the "bio-looping"model of embodiment to examine the connection between meaning-making activities and health in late antique Palestinian rabbinic literature. Situation these texts within the context of late antique Greco-Roman medicine, this paper will explore the rabbinic conception of embodiment developed in these texts.

  • Abstract

    While scholarship in Jewish thought and beyond has attended to the literary aspects of midrash, midrash as a practice of speech which forms a public rhetorical culture and individual subjects within it has not been thoroughly explored. This paper approaches the topic through the lens of democratic theory on public discourse, with specific attention to critical scholarship on affect. By analyzing the phenomenology of midrashic interpretation through the writings of Avivah Zornberg and Michael Fishbane, this paper argues that performing midrash allows a subject to be indulgent regarding desires and passions—to imagine particular narratives and publicize them expressively—while still developing the humility required for a collective discursive project. In this way, midrashic rhetoric offers a model for rethinking current conversations around the ethics of citizenship in political speech, as they struggle to square the liberal demands of accountability to a public and the demands of the affective subject.

  • Abstract

    Medieval kabbalists devoted significant energy to explaining historical misfortunes. This paper will describe how medieval kabbalists used the image of the sarim, or heavenly archons of the nations, to explain Jewish subjugation to Christian and Muslim nations, and how they understood gilgul, or reincarnation, as the hidden mechanism whereby Jewish souls carry out their secret mission over the course of multiple lifetimes across the long arc of Israel’s exile. And finally, mention will be made of the ways that kabbalistic texts situated these strategies for reading Jewish history within a macro-historical concept of multiple successive worlds, according to which the present world is the most difficult of all possible manifestations of the cosmos. This paper will argue that the strategies evident in these discourses, despite their focus on negative historical events, suggest that medieval kabbalists sought to imagine Jews as the proactive agents of world history.

  • Abstract

    In recent decades, Leigh Eric Schmidt and others have demonstrated the extent to which modern mystical discourse has reflected not only Protestant sensibilities but also the modern project of liberalism. In this paper, I examine the politics of mysticism through a lens of Jewish cultural history in order to shed new light on both the category of mysticism and modern liberal politics, including different formations of modern Jewish politics. While scholars such as Leora Batnitzky, Aamir Mufti, and Sarah Hammerschlag have shown how attention to the “Jewish question” illuminates foundational blind spots, complexities, and dangers of liberalism, this study builds upon that scholarship through demonstrating how representations of Judaism among the architects of modern mysticism reveals a great deal about that very category and its entanglements with liberalism. My study refracts these materials through the prism of three different pathways in modern Jewish politics: assimilation, nationalism, and diaspora.