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Online Program Book

PLEASE NOTE: We are working on making updates and edits to finalize the program. If you are searching for something and cannot find it, please reach out to annualmeeting@aarweb.org.

The AAR's inaugural Online June Sessions of the Annual Meetings were held on June 25, 26, and 27, 2024. For program questions, please reach out to annualmeeting@aarweb.org.

This is the preliminary program for the 2024 in-person Annual Meeting, hosted with the Society for Biblical Literature in San Diego, CA - November 23-26. Pre-conference workshops and many committee meetings will be held November 22. If you have questions about the program, contact annualmeeting@aarweb.org. All times are listed in local/Pacific Time.

A23-216

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-29B (Upper Level East)

This panel delves into the intricate interplay between queer existence and religion, examining intersections of identity, influence, and resistance within diverse cultural contexts. The panel discussion will be preceded by the screening of short clips from three queer-affirming African movies or a full movie from one of the options: "Inxeba" (John Trengove, South Africa, 2017), "Walking with Shadows" (Aoife O’Kelly, Nigeria, 2019), and "The Blue Caftan" (Maryam Touzani, Morocco, 2022). These clips will prepare the audience for a paper by Stefanie Knauss on the recent development of positive representations of queerness in African cinema, with particular attention to resistance both to anti-queer Christian and Islamic discourses as well as some of the assumptions implicit in Western models of queerness and sexuality. Questions and discussion to follow.

  • Imagining Gay Life in Africa: Contributions and Challenges of African Cinema

    Abstract

    In this presentation, I turn to three African queer-affirming films – Inxeba (John Trengove 2017), Walking with Shadows (Aoife O’Kelly 2019), and The Blue Caftan (Maryam Touzani 2022) – to investigate how they imagine gay life and love in Africa (specifically, in South Africa, Nigeria and Morocco), and what role religion plays in these visions. Drawing especially on African film studies, African queer theories and theologies, I argue that with their stories, the films challenge both African and western social and theoretical discourses on gay identities and relationships in several significant ways, contributing thus both to a new imagination of gay individuals as a part of African societies, and to the development of theories of sexual and gender identities that attend to the particularities of the African context.

A23-217

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Omni-Grand B (Fourth Floor)

For many years now, campuses across North America have organized to fight for anti-caste protections. While fighting for anti-caste protections is important, it is only the first step that opens the door towards building caste competencies within North American academia, heavily entrenched in its anti-Black and white settler colonial foundations. Beyond the multicultural model, which seeks to incorporate caste as a measure of diversity, equity, and inclusion, the University of California Collective for Caste Abolition is invested in organizing for material and structural change within the UC system and beyond. In this roundtable, the UC Collective for Caste Abolition will share the history of its formation, and its current work and visions to illustrate how institutions across North America may heed the call and participate in the movement for caste abolition. might continue their activism toward caste abolition.

A23-218

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-6C (Upper Level West)

The 2024 IGW session will be a non-traditional position paper session that aims to engender a conversation about the current state of women and gender studies in Muslim contexts past and present. We invited participants to engage with three broad themes: the study and practice of Muslim and Islamic feminisms, decolonial approaches as they intersect with Islam and gender, and the role of "tradition" and athority in the study of Islam and gender. Four scholars offer short position papers on the divine feminine between decoloniality and tradition, Muslim #MeToo, ordinary women as producers of Islamic knowledge and doctrine, and the reproduction of religious practice in Islamic law. The short presentations will be followed by a facilitated discussion with those in attendance at the session on wider repercussions of these papers and the direction(s) our field is moving in.   

  • Ordinary Women as Makers of Islamic Doctrine

    Abstract

    My position paper argues for the Islamic authority of ordinary Muslim women who are lost in the blur of a gendered everyday life in the home, dwelling at a remove from activities of the mosques and madrasas. I join feminist scholars of Islamic Studies in critiquing “ulama-ology” (cf. Dana Sajdi, 2013) i.e., the patriarchal politics of knowledge that privilege ‘ulama-led discourses written and uttered by men. I argue in my presentation for the role that diverse religious interpretations by ordinary Muslim women – i.e., women unlinked to Islamic institutions of mosques and madrasas, infantilized and silenced by men as ‘nāqiṣ al-‘aql’ (of deficient intellect) – play in shaping the meanings of texts and traditions in Islam. This demographic of Muslim women live an ordinary life performing gendered care and service work, and they make up the majority of Muslim women in the larger MESA region. I synthesize findings from my ethnographic research on women in Pakistan where ordinary Muslim women agentially create and transmit Islamic knowledge, particularly related to taboo aspects of sexuality and hygiene, situating these findings in the larger interpretive quest of locating feminist voices in the field of Islamic Studies.

  • Centering Rahma in Contemporary Islam— The “Divine Feminine” between Decoloniality and Tradition.

    Abstract

    What is the relationship between religious authority and power? In contemporary Muslim theology, women’s growing prominence as religious leaders appears to be related to an increased conceptual awareness around rahma, Divine Mercy, rahim, the womb, and al-Rahman, the God of Mercy. I trace this connection in the writings of prominent Muslim theologians and scholars and ask how and when it is leveraged to support new modes of Muslim religious authority and praxis. I argue that the feminist move towards the tradition represents a Muslim engagement with the global feminism debate and allows for gender-fluid and non-hierarchical readings of the Qur’an.

  • Muslim Feminism, De/Coloniality, and the Feminist Coloniality of Reason

    Abstract

    In this position paper, I argue that the parity between decolonial and Muslim feminism must be considered at the level of "anti-colonial practices." To do this, I compare the underlying antagonisms that frame Muslim feminism up against decoloniality and decolonial feminism to understand how both projects understand the relationship between coloniality, gender, and knowledge production. More specifically, I use Yuderkys Espinosa-Minoso's articulation of the "feminist coloniality of reason," to trouble the normative genealogies of Muslim feminism as a religio-political project, specifically how a Muslim feminist coloniality of reason informs knowledge production, specifically the construction of Muslim feminist subjectivities.

  • Muslim #MeToo: Towards a Decolonial Islamic Liberation Theology

    Abstract

    Islamic Liberation Theology recognizes that margins shift. The #MeToo Movement has been the locus of one such margin: the sexually abused. Focusing on iterations of #MeToo amongst Muslim societies, this paper finds that while both Islamic Liberation Theology and Muslim #MeToo are committed to the Islamic tradition, neither substantively engage Islamic Law, representative of a larger pattern within Islamic feminism. Additionally, analysis of the neoliberal discourse underlying the #MeToo Movement and how it has informed #Muslim MeToo responses is missing. This paper seeks to begin a conversation on these limitations, namely, the sidestepping of Islamic Law and inattentiveness to decolonial concerns. Instead of dismissing Islamic Law as irrational or irredeemably patriarchal, I argue that engaging its indigenous interpretive methodology (ʾuṣūl al-fiqh) addresses the decolonial concerns of external co-option and epistemic delinking, while providing an avenue for the Islamic Liberation Theology component of praxis inspired reinterpretation.

A23-219

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-26A (Upper Level East)

Mary Jo Iozzio's book Disability Ethics and Preferential Justice: A Catholic Perspective (Georgetown University Press 2023) is the mature work of a long-time scholar of theo-ethical reflection on disability. In it, Iozzio develops a theological lens for uncovering ableist assumptions and practices in both religious and secular contexts, while also drawing on Catholic social teaching to articulate strategies for deliberate action in the church and society at large. This panel serves to celebrate Iozzio's work and critically engage it from the perspectives of liberation theology, disability theology, and Catholic moral theology. Iozzio will be present to engage the other panelists and the audience in conversation.

A23-220

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-20BC (Upper Level East)

In The Death of Omnipotence and Birth of Amipotence, Thomas Jay Oord argues that God's power is uncontrolling love. He claims that common understandings of omnipotence fail to fit Christian scriptures and die a death of a thousand qualifications when explored philosophically. Further, Oord believes that classic views of divine omnipotence make the problem of evil insoluble. Is Oord right, or does he exaggerate the case against omnipotence? Are there better ways to think about God's power? Featuring panelists who weigh in on issues of divine power, this roundtable session will also offer extended time for comments from the audience.

A23-221

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Indigo 202B (Second Level)

How might theodicies serve to mask and marginalize structural violence? (either tacitly or explicitly) “Theodicy” here works as a category for arguments that defend religious or metaphysical claims from contradictions based on events of the actual world. We have selected proposals that articulate a theodicy, and then critically analyze how it functions to justify structural conditions such as inequalities, civil violence, xenophobia, political structures, or disparities of health, education, etc. Proposals may work with typical sources (e.g. texts, scriptures) or less-conventional sources (e.g. oral traditions, social media, laws, etc.).

  • Spinoza on Theodicy as Foolish Wonder

    Abstract

    In this paper I consider the place of theodicy in Spinoza’s well-known critique of clerical power.  In his Theological-Political Treatise, Spinoza explains how clerical authorities maintain power by driving a feedback loop between fear and superstition.  Although Spinoza criticizes the philosophical underpinnings of theodicy itself, he also criticizes its promulgation as pernicious. Drawing on Spinoza’s account of the affects, I connect Spinoza’s view about the dangers of theodicy in terms of his account of wonder, and more broadly to 17th century concerns about the dangers of wonder—as opposed to curiosity—in natural philosophy.  Understood as foolish wonder, we will be in a position to see how theodicy relates to the fear/superstition loop.  I close by briefly comparing Spinoza’s criticism of theodicy to that of contemporary critics.  

  • The Price of Providence: Central Banking and the Book of Job

    Abstract

    This paper considers an economic dimension of theodicy as a legitimating discourse: reconciling the tension between a sovereign's ultimate power and yet inability (or their ultimate benevolence and yet refusal) to intervene into a system of distribution and valuation to create justice. It begins with a theo-political reading of the Book of Job, linking the text's insistence on (divine) sovereignty as the sole basis of wisdom and justice with Modern Monetary Theory's contentions in debates over the role of the Federal Reserve. The specter of Job is raised again with Hobbes' Leviathan: in the attempted 1611 monetary renovations of James Stuart, we observe an ostensibly 'divinizing' monarch perform uncharacteristic impotence before the demands of foreign markets, in which the cost of re-capitalizing domestic market liquidity is effectively forced onto the bearers of base-metal currency. 

  • The “Partial Theodicy” of Donna Haraway’s Chthulucene

    Abstract

    Theorists of ecological crisis privilege concepts of ambiguity and partiality as simultaneously truer to material realities andmore politically and ethically promising. Taking Donna Haraway’s Chthulucene concept as a case study, this paper asks if this move successfully avoids theodicy. Though Haraway defines the “time-place” of the Chthulucene in opposition to the salvific logics of theodicy, her celebration of ambiguity emerges from a reading of ecological breakdown as the source of a renewed vision of entanglement. In other words, ecological crisis becomes an opportunity to materialize a reformulated best-case scenario. I argue that Haraway’s attempt to circumvent theodicy recapitulates its errors: naturalizing loss and assigning a silver lining to structural violence. I call this persisting logic of theodicy a “partial theodicy.” 

  • ‘Transnationally Asian’ Theodicies: Troubling “Social Formations” in Transpacific Counterpoetics

    Abstract

    In this paper, we explore political theodicies in “transnationally Asian” literatures after 2010. We claim that the literary cultures of these transpacific networks and communities constitute what Yunte Huang calls a “counterpoetics” that attempts to challenge what Gary Okihiro calls the “social formations” that shape the power structures of transpacific arenas. Herein lies the theodicy: we argue that these transpacific counterpoetics also have trouble naming the powers that constellate these social formations. We move across three literary cultures: military apocalypses arising from Korean diasporas, geopolitical tensions in Sinophone and Vietnamese communities, and ecological disasters circulating from the Fukushima subduction earthquake in Japan. Our paper contributes to the global critique of political theodicies by showing in the transpacific region that evil might be seen in the wounds of war and disaster, but naming what exactly inflicts this violence is difficult – and generates even more pain in its indeterminate articulation.

A23-222

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-30C (Upper Level East)

Early womanist and feminist practical theologians passed on their legacies to later generations. This session honors some of these trailblazers through storytelling, recollections, research, and personal encounters. The session is not only retrospective as we look back to these ground breakers, but the discussions will be prospective as participants plant forward-thinking seeds of thought and praxis. Together, we can enrich the landscape of practical theology with a high-yielding and verdant future.

A23-223

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-30A (Upper Level East)

.

  • Deepening Belonging: A Call to Radical Spiritual, Cultural, and Political Transformation

    Abstract

    This paper addresses the urgent need for developing pedagogical practices that cultivate relationality, openness, and conscientização amidst what Henry Giroux (via hooks and Freire) has named as the current rise of political authoritarianism, anti-intellectualism, fascism, white supremacy, and the assault on critical education and pedagogy. Through the lens of "Deepening Belonging," a co-created contemplative practice by two educators of color, we explore how nurturing of belonging and relational flourishing can serve as foundational to democratic education. Rooted in the Latin American tradition of Convivencia, this practice embodies values such as mutual respect, adaptability, open-mindedness, and collaborative learning, offering a counter-narrative to the individualized, outcome-oriented, competitive, and consumerist paradigms often prevalent in educational settings. By fostering spaces for compassionate listening, deep witnessing, and embodied ritual-making, "Deepening Belonging" not only challenges oppressive structures through spiritual awareness but also nurtures the capacities necessary for creative democratic engagement and civic participation. 

  • Dialogic Classrooms as Pathways to Democratic Habits in Uncertain Times

    Abstract

    What happens in the world happens in our classrooms: post-truth claims, polarizing discourses, silencing, legislation designed to limit or prohibit the teaching and learning of specific ideas, students who are still learning to navigate social and scholarly realities after years of Covid isolation.  These challenges are not just academic.  What happens in our classrooms will happen in the world, and though higher education has long been conceived as a space where students learn the skills vital to a thriving democracy, current conditions make the creation of such spaces feel tenuous or even impossible.  This paper presents Dialogic Classrooms as one approach that equips our students to engage authentically and civically across differences such that they are able to cultivate the skills and habits necessary for robust and active citizenship, even under pressures that work against such vital engagement. 

  • Navigating an Us and Them Society

    Abstract

    Contemporary society is deeply divided along cultural, regional, religious, racial, and socioeconomic lines. What is more, these forms of division are intertwined with growing levels of political sorting and polarization. If not checked, extreme polarization and sorting can be highly destructive to democratic culture and structures. My presentation utilizes material, assignments, and processes from a course as well as a student organization that teach students strategies for navigating the polarized environment.

A23-224

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-32A (Upper Level East)

In critical studies of Indigenous medicine, sacred plants, ethnobotany, and "psychedelic" hallucinogens, this panel explores how Indigenous sacred plants and medicinal knowledge been commodified to create modern medicine (e.g. psychedelics). What have been the costs for Indigenous peoples and how have they been persecuted for medicinal plant usage? Noting sacred plants' commercialization among non-Indigenous communities, how have locals fought against this knowledge theft and resource extractions? Presentations examine the "psychedelic renaissance," allopathic medicine, psychedelic holding practices, Western exploitation of Mazatec sacred mushrooms, and how to center voices such as curandera María Sabina to interrogate possibilities for reparations of commodified Indigenous sacred medicines.

  • Honguitos at the Doctor’s: An Indigenous Perspective on the Medical Use of Psilocybin

    Abstract

    The “psychedelic renaissance” has forced questions of cosmology to the foreground in allopathic medicine. Where they would have otherwise been treated as incidental, mystical experiences have suddenly become central to treatment. While providers attempt to build effective protocols for the use of chemical agents like psilocybin, foundational medical literature continues to dismiss the Indigenous practitioners from which these agents were expropriated. This paper will look to Mixteca wisewoman Maria Sabina’s traditional practices as a standard, using a ritual-focused framework of relationality to evaluate current protocols for the allopathic use of psilocybin. By comparing traditional Indigenous and allopathic practices, I will argue that skillful engagement with cosmology is prerequisite for effective work with psilocybin. In line with recent calls to respect Indigenous traditions, I will close by suggesting serious amendment for allopathic medicine’s current mode of engagement with plant entheogens and derivatives such as psilocybin.

  • The Separation of Spirit and Wellbeing?: Core Questions and Practices for Psychedelic Healing

    Abstract

    The salient inquiry offered in the call for papers invites reflection on the constellation of psychedelic medicine/medicalization, culture, and spirituality (as differentiated from religion) and relationship among them. At the heart of this constellation is the relationship between healing and spirituality. In this paper, we will explore four forms of psychedelic holding practices: administrators/distributors, sitters, assisted psychotherapists, and curanderos. Each of these four forms require different skills, qualities of presence, spiritual partnerships and pair with different medicines. As we move forward in our collective awareness and capacity, it is not sufficient to lump all consciousness medicines under the single umbrella of “psychedelics” if we are to be clear on our intention for working with them, the setting in which they are administered, and the skill set required by the practitioner for safe and effective use—whether for spiritual growth or healing of suffering.

  • Respecting the Sacred Mushroom: The Initiation and Magico-Religious Healing Practices of María Sabina

    Abstract

    In 1957, Gordon Wasson published an article called “Seeking the Magic Mushroom” in Life magazine where he described his ecstatic experiences in a healing ceremony led by the indigenous shamaness María Sabina. In doing so, Wasson revealed the millennial secrets of the Mazatec shamanic tradition to the Western world. The article led to foreigners invading Huautla de Jiménez—a poor, small and remote town in the mountains of Oaxaca—in search of God. They disrupted the daily lives of the locals and profaned sacred mushrooms by failing to respect Mazatec customs and rituals. Later in her life, Sabina lamented introducing Wasson to her ancestral practices. This paper introduces the audience to the initiation and magico-religious healing of María Sabina to contextualize her critique of foreigners’ use of sacred mushrooms. It argues that centering Sabina’s voice provides a basis for conversations about reparations for exploitation of indigenous sacred medicines.

A23-225

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Indigo D (Second Level)

This panel explores the intersections of queerness, memory, and religion. How do queer religious individuals or communities make memories? How have traditional religious pasts been queered in memory and memorials? What resources do queer studies in religion offer to the study of religion and memory? Through ethnography, comparative literature, public art, and theology, these papers explore the politics and religion of queer memories.

  • Experiencing Queerness and Catholicism: LGBTQ+ Stories about the Catholic Church in Flanders

    Abstract

    This presentation explores the experiences of LGBTQ+ individuals in Flanders concerning the Catholic Church based on oral history research conducted with 17 interviewees. The current welcoming initiatives of the Flemish bishops, along with the strong Catholic heritage of the region and its history of support for LGBTQ+ individuals, render this context exceptionally intriguing. This presentation highlights two key findings. Firstly, individuals interviewed can be categorized into three groups based on their current stance towards the church: those rejecting it entirely, those who have gradually secularized, and those who firmly identify as Catholic. Secondly, the interviews reveal that people’s sense of inclusion or exclusion from the church is significantly influenced by their image of ‘the church’, shaped by memories of upbringing and past life experiences. Consequently, the presentation concludes that achieving an inclusive church necessitates a profound shift in personal perceptions, extending beyond changes in teaching, practice, and leadership.

  • Precarious Memories of Precarious Time and Bodies: Reading Oyuki Konno, *Maria Watches Over Us*

    Abstract

    As a “memorial” literary text that queers the religious past (and present), this paper explores a Japanese (juvenile) novel series, Maria Watches Over Us (1998–2012), by Oyuki Konno. This work can be interpreted as a literary resource for creatively remembering the ambiguous desires of adolescence, erotic and otherwise, especially within the context of religious education. In this work, female students maintain diverse forms of intimacy with one another—from very close “friendships,” a somewhat polyamorous yet hierarchical “sisterhood,” to lesbian romantic relationships—at a fictional girls’ Catholic school. Through a close reading of the text, this paper argues that Maria Watches Over Us “queers'' the past and present of a religious educational milieu in the Japanese context (and beyond). This study concludes by utilizing Foucault’s theory to emphasize the importance of (re)visiting both the comfort and discomfort that arise from the ambiguities of sexuality, relationality, and religious imagery. 

  • Constructing Coalitional Memories Where Religion, Race, Gender, and Nation Collide

    Abstract

    This paper looks to queer feminist authors and activists for insights about coalition-building amidst ongoing traumas stemming from structures of coloniality. M. Jacqui Alexander’s theory of palimpsestic time, Aurora Levins Morales’ focus on narrating histories of interconnection, and artist/activist JeeYeun Lee’s organizing will frame an example of coalitional activism in 2021 that re-enacted memories of disputed Indigenous land rights in the same location as the 1983 Parliament of World Religions. Attending to the entanglement of racism, sexism, religious supremacy, and settler colonialism shows how identities, histories, and even city structures hold the legacies of violence that continue to persist today. I argue that re-narrating histories that focus on the intersection of religion, race, gender, and nation can move decolonization from a metaphor to a practice. Both trauma and spirituality, in different but interconnected ways, show how the past must be acknowledged as embodied in the present.

  • A Queer Ecclesiology: Tradition as Embodied Memory

    Abstract

    This paper constructively synthesizes Paul Tillich’s theology, Christian Danz’s pneumatology, and Judith Butler’s theory of performativity. The synthesis demonstrates how both Christianity and gender/sexual identities can be regarded as embodied forms of communication in which memory plays a constitutive role, recasting tradition and memory as synonymic within an ecclesiastical context. Moving beyond Tillich and Danz, this paper makes clear the dynamic and interconnected relationship between memory, gender/sexual identity, and God through the role of ontology. By re-framing identity through a queer-memory model of ecclesiology, this paper proffers that through memory both gender/sexual identity and Christian identity are constructed in communities that orient us through tradition (received meaning). Therefore, it contends that memory takes on an ontological function – tradition shapes our understanding of being – one that can free Christian communities from heteronormativity's gender essentialism, which problematically concretizes not only the gender binary but also conceptions of God.

A23-226

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-3 (Upper Level West)

To reflect on climate catastrophe, writers and artists often turn to biblical tellings of Noah’s ark. In Noah’s Arkive (University of Minnesota Press, 2023), Jeffrey J. Cohen and Julian Yates brilliantly examine lives and afterlives of the ark story with ecological attention. “The brute sketchiness of the biblical injunction ‘make yourself an ark’,” they write, “demands that its readers think hard about the difficulties of preserving a community against deluge, about who gets included and who excluded, about how the threat of the flood is experienced differently by varied groups of people and animals.” This session assembles a transdisciplinary ark of its own to respond and think-with Cohen and Yates. With biblical scholars, queer and feminist theologians, scholars of religion, ecology and society, this session hopes to explore the possibilities this book may provoke for religious studies, ecotheology, and the environmental humanities. The authors will offer a response.

A23-227

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-33A (Upper Level East)

Presenters in this session will examine religious thought and practice in situations where borders are violently guarded, the rights of migrants (and others) often brushed aside, and democratic norms come under attack. The papers explore diverse forms of religiously-inflected activism that arise under situations of significant human rights violations. The first paper uses a Christian ethical lens to examine rights across borders when strict ideologies of sovereignty diverge from facts on the ground. The second considers how gender-based rights violations in immigration detention arise out of the context of detention itself. The third elucidates the role of religion in undocumented Filipino Americans’ activism to resist violence in the immigration enforcement system. And the fourth considers how religious actors and scholars have acted across borders to resist manipulation of historical memory, advocating for both democratic norms and the rights of migrants and the most vulnerable.

  • Double-Crossed: Rethinking Filipino American Faith after Crimmigration

    Abstract

    As many as 370,000 Filipinos live in the United States without legal status. Under the Trump presidency, their daily lives were plagued by fears of state violence in the forms of incarceration and deportation. Despite his promises, President Biden has not succeeded in changing U.S. immigration policies. Seizing on a crisis at the Southern border, nativists have continued to depict undocumented immigrants as “illegals” who are a danger to American society, even though empirical studies have consistently shown otherwise. In this paper, I examine the lived realities of undocumented Filipino Americans in order to challenge assumptions about their Christian faith and ethics. By situating their decisions historically and sociologically, I show that they are not only victims of largely-hidden legal violence, but that their communities offer important contributions to the work of nonviolent resistance.

  • Gender-based violence in immigration detention centers

    Abstract

    Based on religious scholarship of “micropractice,” I demonstrate how immigration detention work produces violence. Through examination of incidents of gender-based violence in immigration detention contexts across history–from ships moored off the California coast to modern private prisons–I show how workplace micropractices culminate into incidents of gender-based violence.  Through methods of control, surveillance, and humiliation, those involved within the immigration system learn how to treat immigrants that they encounter; if you spend every workday demeaning immigrants, what is one more personal act of degradation? I propose that in order to end gender-based violence within the immigration system, and the violence of the immigration detention system itself, we must look not just at the religious ideologies that support xenophobia, but also the ritual practices that sustain it.

  • Religion’s Influence on Memory Activism for Democracy: Korean American Diaspora Activists and the Remembrance of a Pro-democracy Uprising in South Korea

    Abstract

    This paper investigates religion’s ongoing contribution to the transmission of the memories of the May 18 Uprising, a historic South Korean pro-democracy uprising against the authoritarian Korean government, and the generation of new multi-racial activist networks in the U.S. Based on qualitative research and drawing from feminist and womanist theo-ethical frameworks on memory, I examine the role of religion in three sites of social memory: haunted bodies, political art, and religious networks. In these three sites, the Christian religion and the Korean spiritual traditions preserve the memory of the movement and regenerate its radical spirit. I argue that such a confluence of religious traditions provides fertile ground for mobilizing resources for cultivating transnational democratic (political and cultural) belonging. More broadly, my presentation invites conversation on how religion uniquely contributes to keeping memories of progressive social movements “alive” for a liberative and decolonial democracy.

  • The Border and the Wound: Rethinking Rights in Times of Toxic Westphalianism

    Abstract

    The particular intersection of the novel and the unchanged in today’s relations between borders, sovereignty, and migration—which can be called “toxic Westphalianism”—represents both a moral challenge and an opportunity to rethink rights with respect to violations of migrant rights in border spaces. In light of the history of Westphalian sovereignty, in which nonhuman considerations were excluded, theological elements were sublimated, and non-European territories were colonized, the examination of borders as systems of exclusion renders visible elements that can be brought together in challenging but promising ways. The situation demands Christian ethical attention, both as a moral concern and because of Christianity’s ambivalent historical relationship with sovereignty. Such attention facilitates rethinking rights in terms of encounters that ramify across wider social relationships. This account of rights does not occlude the universalism that typically accompanies assertions of rights so much as deploy it within specific acts of contestation or resistance.

A23-228

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Aqua 300 (Third Level)

How do we deal with the ever-evolving nature of digital religion and its many expressions? The papers in this panel all grapple with how to build, assess and derive new insights from digital archives. Authors consider the in-built biases of computational analysis and newspaper databases, how we manage digital archives created by religious organizations, and digital objects that manage affect around racial reckoning.

  • Decelerating Digital Archives: Critical Reflections on Computational Analysis

    Abstract

    This paper thinks critically about the violence of digital archives and computational methods by engaging with the role they play in the erasure and flattening of marginal communities, advocating for a deceleration of digital archives. I place my methodological pitfalls from a computational project against the important theoretical work of archivist Dorothy Berry, art historian Jennifer Roberts, and scholars engaged in a post-colonial study of religion like Saba Mahmood and Tomoko Masuzawa to demonstrate the urgency of deceleration to prevent the further disenfranchisement of marginal communities. Reflecting on a computational project I conducted using Seventh-day Adventist periodicals on religious liberty from 1886 to 1919 to analyze positive rhetoric about the Catholic Church, I describe how my project and its shortcomings serve as a low-stakes example of the power in decelerating digital archives, and I use it to speak to the much higher stakes of digital work that involve marginal communities.

  • Digital Archives: Popular Monastic Media in Thailand

    Abstract

    Media related to monks in Thailand provide much material for assembling digital archives. This presentation describes the use of monastic media within Thai popular culture to create two digital archives: 1) pictures of famous monks from temples and practitioners meant to generate faith, and 2) social media images of monks engaged in inappropriate behavior. I describe the process of selecting the photographs for these archives, and my research process, which involves collecting opinions and feelings from lay Buddhist focus group participants. In analyzing the opportunities and challenges of this methodology, I argue that archives derived from popular culture constitutes a way to easily receive comments and feedback from participants, providing a snapshot in time of a religious field, and a way to visually represent a research topic. I also look to future challenges creating a home for a publicly accessible digital archive of Buddhist monastic aesthetics.

  • Grief Reminders when #BlackLivesMatter

    Abstract

    This paper examines grief within white Christian discourse about antiblack violence in the United States. Drawing from Sara Ahmed’s notion of affective economies, the paper tracks how grief—or an absence of grief—surfaces and conceptualizes “grief reminders” as a pastoral practice of affective conditioning and realignment. I argue that “grief reminders” occur when a faith leader identifies grief as both a necessary response to loss and as a theological and ethical imperative for the proper practice of faith. The paper interrogates how grief reminders work as affective scripts and relate to white Christian understandings of human personhood and grievable life. Methodologically, the analysis of digital artifacts undergirding this paper raises questions about how digital media is implicated in the circulation of religious affect and how religious scholars, and theologians in particular, can engage digital archives in their study of lived religion.

  • Fragmentary Accounts of a Popular Religion: Newspaper Reports and the “Zalma Angel” of 1895

    Abstract

    In the late nineteenth century, newspapers around the United States documented the emergence of many “new religious sects.” These movements were so pervasive that newspapers began to compile and joke about them for popular entertainment. Unfortunately, many of these groups have gone unrecorded by scholars due to the lack of archival materials. Using the 1895 “Zalma Angel” as a case study, this paper probes the utility of newspaper databases as a source for studying this trend within popular culture and the limitations built into the creation of these archives. Based in rural Missouri, the fragmentary accounts of the “Zalma Angel” movement varied considerably. From ridicule to limited descriptions, the circulation of details and tone of the reporting outlined normative American religious sensibilities. As a case study, the “Zalma Angel” demonstrates the limits of studying historical popular religion and the role that newspapers played in selectively constructing and obscuring fringe religions.

A23-229

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Aqua 314 (Third Level)

In light of the unit’s 20th anniversary, this panel underscores the enduring significance of studying the intersection of religion and sexuality, particularly in the face of the resurgence of harmful forms purity culture and sexual surveillance. The papers within it reflect on historical and contemporary anxieties around diverse and ‘deviant’ sexualities. They examine various contexts, such as the influence of white evangelical purity culture in the United States, the complex interplay of religion and politics in public and private spheres in Rwanda, and the impact of technological surveillance and anti-porn shameware. Further, this panel also offers opportunities for deconstructing harmful religious and sexual frameworks as they explore strategies, invisibilities and potentialities for (re)imagining more hopeful and flourishing futures.

  • After Abstinence: Gender Essentialism and New Campaigns for Purity

    Abstract

    In the past twenty years, scholars and former adherents of White evangelical purity culture that originated in the 1990s have offered numerous engagements of the culture’s originating political contexts, theological scaffolding, and wounding legacies. This paper draws from those efforts to posit that a new and dangerous purity culture is emerging in this contemporary moment with gender essentialism as its organizing principle. It articulates significant characteristics of this campaign, investigates the role of movements for freedom that catalyze constricting frameworks, and, informed by historical precedents, names potential strategies for critiquing and curtailing this emerging purity culture.

  • Sexual Surveillance: LGBT Marginalization, (In)Visibility, and Queer Politics of Survival in Rwanda

    Abstract

    In this paper, I investigate the overlapping modes of religious, political, and social surveillance of queer Rwandans. I argue that such surveillance of sexuality in the centralized public sphere in Rwanda pushes queer sexuality further to the margins, eventually enabling and encouraging surveillance in marginalized public spheres and in private, domestic, and intimate spaces. In a post-genocide context that prohibits LGBT visibility, these layers of surveillance result in LGBT Rwandans somewhat paradoxically participating quite visibly in hetero-marriage and reproduction as forms queer survival, creating networks of hidden love and clandestine relationships while attempting to skirt social stigma. My work expands scholarship on sexuality, gender, and race by arguing that Rwanda’s queer politics of invisibility can provide an alternative to the queer politics of representation and visibility so prized in the Western discourse.

  • Sexverts: Shameware, Evangelicals, and Exvangelicals

    Abstract

    How does evangelicalism maintain control around licit sex/sexuality, when endless illicit versions attend a world increasingly infused with technology? In the quest to curb immoral behavior, a lucrative industry of accountability apps and organizations provides a key mechanism for surveillance and containment. The ubiquity of internet pornography is especially threatening, exposing the porosity of boundaries needed to discern “true” believers with a “God-ordained” sexuality. This paper considers the role of sexual surveillance within evangelical purity culture via “shameware” to better understand the contestations surrounding sexuality and gender revealed by spiritualized pathologizing practices, and how these pathologies are reimagined by once-believers now operating under new sexual schemas. Examining how adherents make sense of their participation, and the modalities in which exvangelicals shift, reject, or rearrange sexual surveillance allows for greater insight into the sexual schemas of both groups, the geography of deconstruction, and the messy potentiality in these sense-making endeavors. 

A23-230

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Indigo 204A (Second Level)

This is an author meets critic session on two new books in Latine/x religion- Liberating Spiritualities: Reimagining Faith in the Américas, by Christopher Tirres and, Touched by this Place: Theology, Community, and the Power of Place, by Benjamin Valentin. Both texts are interdisciplinary, Latine and diasporic in focus, and invoke the rich traditions of pragmatism and liberation theology as methodological sources.  In Liberating Spiritualities, Tirres offers an in-depth exploration of spirituality as a catalyst for social transformation, showcasing the insights of six distinguished twentieth-century liberation thinkers from across the Américas. In Touched by this Place, Valentín centers the reality of place, placed-based thinking, and "home" as sources for Christian theology.

  • Liberating Spiritualities: Reimagining Faith in the Américas

    Abstract

    Christopher D. Tirres will be discussing his new book, Liberating Spiritualities, reflecting on the use of spirituality as a catalyst for social transformation and showcasing the profound insights of six distinguished twentieth-century liberation thinkers from across the Américas, including: Marxist philosopher José Carlos Mariátegui, educator and philosopher Paulo Freire, constructive theologian Virgilio Elizondo, cultural and feminist theorist Gloria Anzaldúa, activist mujerista theologian and social ethicist Ada María Isasi-Díaz, and ecofeminist theologian Ivone Gebara.

  • Touched by this Place: Theology, Community, and the Power of Place

    Abstract

    Benjamín Valentín will be discussing his new book, Touched by this Place: Theology, Community, and the Power of Place. Reflecting on his own lived experience in Spanish Harlem, Valentín will discuss how his book calls for a Christian theological return to place,place-based thinking, and "home."

A23-231

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-24B (Upper Level East)

This panel brings together a diverse group of scholars to discuss Atalia Omer’s Decolonizing Religion and Peacebuilding (Oxford University Press, 2023). Based on an extensive empirical study of inter and intra-religious peacebuilding practices in the postcolonial contexts of Kenya and the Philippines, Omer identifies two paradoxical findings: first, religious peacebuilding praxes are both empowering and depoliticizing, and second, more doing of religion does not necessarily denote deeper or more religious literacy. The book deploys decolonial and intersectional prisms to illuminate the entrenched colonial dynamics operative in religion and peace and development praxis in the global South. Still, the many stories of transformation and survival emerging from spaces of programmatic interreligious peacebuilding praxis, generate decolonial openings that speak back to decolonial theory. The panelists will reflect on how the book’s findings and theoretical interventions contribute to contemporary conversations in the study of religion, coloniality, and justice-oriented peacebuilding.

A23-232

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-31B (Upper Level East)

Scholars have minutely examined the process of religious conversion from diverse methodological orientations. But in a moment of rapidly declining religious affiliation, it's time to give sustained attention to the complex process of religious de-conversion. This panel examines the deconversion narratives of ex-vangelicals, the experiences of ex-clergy attracted to Spiritual But Not Religious worldviews, and identity formation among ex-vangelicals who form new networks of belonging through podcasts and podcasting. 

  • Deconstruction, Deconversion, and the Rise of the Ex-vangelical

    Abstract

    While in many ways the political power of evangelicals seems stronger than ever, evangelicals are not immune to the trends of decline taking place across American Protestantism. This growing exodus has given rise to a subsection of former evangelicals known by a variety of names: exvangelicals, post-evangelicals, recovering evangelicals, un-fundamentalists, and more. This paper explores the relationship between ex-vangelical deconstruction and religious deconversion. How do former evangelicals understand their process of deconstruction, and how does it relate to deconversion? Does deconstruction itself constitute the process of evangelical deconversion, or is it just one framework to understanding a broader shift in personal identity? By studying former evangelical social media engagement and a set of ethnographic interviews I conducted in 2024, I will consider what ex-vangelical narratives reveal about the relationship between “deconstruction,” deconversion, and the shaping of religious/non-religious identity.

  • Leaving Religion for Podcast Spirituality: A Practical Theological Study of Former Evangelicals in Virtual Conversations

    Abstract

    For the last few decades, generations of young evangelicals have found themselves as the subject of countless books, studies, and discussions as older evangelicals attempt to understand what might dissuade them from leaving the church at such alarming rates. At the same time, though they have been at the center of concern, their own voices and contributions have been sidelined to the fringes. This study enters the ongoing conversations among thousands of individuals who have left evangelicalism. Often labeled as “conscientious objectors,” these individuals have not abandoned evangelicalism to adopt another religion wholesale. They continue to congregate, albeit virtually, in seemingly endless conversations. This study engages these conversations to gain a better understanding of the ordinary theology beyond evangelicalism.

  • Is it Deconversion? Former Clergy Who Identify as Spiritual but not Religious

    Abstract

    When former clergy -- once fully committed but now hesitant to serve or even attend church -- now self-identify as “spiritual but not religious,” does this qualify as an actual deconversion or just ydisillusionment? I have interviewed and done a qualitative analysis of thirty clergy, mostly Mainline Protestant, who have had difficult experiences and have left the ministry. I examine their backgrounds, church experience, and what work they are doing now. I pay special attention to their beliefs since Protestantism emphasizes the cognitive aspect of faith. Such an analysis shows that many former clergy interviewees have migrated over to beliefs very similar to the many non-religious SBNRs I previously interviewed and wrote about. The decline in Mainline Protestantism is clear but it is especially noteworthy when the most dedicated are leaving, changing their beliefs and self-identifying as SBNR. 

A23-234

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Hilton Bayfront-Sapphire AEI (Fourth Level)

2024 marks important anniversaries in Afro-American religious history, including Jessie Jackson’s historic first presidential campaign (40th, 1984), Freedom Summer and the passage of the Civil Rights Act, and Malcolm X’s establishment of the Muslim Mosque, Inc. (60th, 1964). These moments reflect important examples of the varied expressions and interactions between Black religions and the political sphere through electioneering, organizing, and critique. The Afro-American Religious History Unit will host a special session that reflects on these various iterations at the institutional, individual, social, and communal levels. Of special concern will be both the expansive and limiting ways that intersections of Black religions and politics have been considered as opening spheres of influence, as generating political critique, and as sites of gendered power and struggle. Featuring an interdisciplinary set of leading, public-facing scholars, this roundtable will engage the historical and contemporary significances of the intersections of religion and politics for African Americans.

A23-235

Saturday, 12:30 PM - 2:30 PM

Convention Center-5B (Upper Level West)

This round table brings together authors of recent or forthcoming monographs on esoteric or tantric Buddhism broadly conceived and invites them to reflect on how "esoteric" or “tantric” Buddhism formed and transformed both as emic doxographic and as etic scholarly categories, as well as on the ways in which the interplay of these two levels influences their scholarly work. The round table focuses on esoteric or tantric traditions of Buddhism spanning geographically from India via Central and southeast Asia to Japan, and historically from their inception into the early modern period. It thus seeks to contribute to the wider field of tantric studies by moving beyond the emphasis on Indian or Indo-Tibetan forms of tantra and by thereby stimulating debate on the ways in which the "esoteric" or "tantric" has always been a translocally, even globally, entwined and contentious arena for the articulation of religious and scholarly identities.